Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiousness or maladaptive behaviors to reduce anxiousness.

An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/or actions.

A mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania.

Therapy that treats the family as a system.

A now-rare psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients; cutting of the nerves connecting the frontal lobe to the inner brain.

Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes.

A mood disorder in which a person experiences two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities.

An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations.

Surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior.

A type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior.

Psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning.

An anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal.

An anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience.

Prescribed medications or medical procedures that act directly on the patient’s nervous system.

The application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to stimulate brain activity.

Psychological disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings.

A personality disorder in which the person exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members.

A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities.

A popular integrative therapy that combines changing self-defeating thinking with changing behavior.

Involuntary movements of the facial muscles, tongue, and limbs; a possible neurotoxic side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic drugs.

Psychological disorders in which the symptoms take a bodily form without apparent physical cause.

A somatoform disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease.

A rare somatoform disorder in which a person experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no physiological basis can be found.

A humanistic therapy in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate growth.

The five subtypes of schizophrenia.