The correct answer is A.

Sex drive does not diminish with age, making answer B false, and the likelihood of sexual activity in the later years is closely related to the frequency of sexual activity during younger years. With sexuality in later life, past behavior is a good predictor of future behavior. Although research has indicated that people who were sexually active are likely to remain sexually active during old age, it does not show that people have an increased sexual desire, which makes answer C incorrect. Men who have been sexually active can generally engage in some sort of sexual activity well into their 70s or even 80s, while women are physiologically able to be sexually active as long as they live. For women, the lack of an available partner is typically the main barrier to sexual activity, making answer D incorrect.

The correct answer is B.

The basal ganglia consist of several distinct and interconnected nuclei. These nuclei are involved in coordinated motor movements, involuntary movements, and automated thoughts and emotions. Disruption to the basal ganglia has been implicated in Huntington's disease, Tourette's syndrome, OCD, and ADHD. Specifically, Huntington's disease and OCD are associated with degeneration of neurons in the caudate nucleus. Tourette's syndrome is associated with dysfunction of the putamen, while ADHD is associated with decreased volume in the basal ganglia. Answer A is incorrect, as damage to the thalamus is not associated with the above disorders. The thalamus has two primary functions; the first is to relay incoming messages from the cortex to subcortical areas and vice versa, and the second is to regulate sleep and wakefulness. Answer C is incomplete, as the putamen is part of the basal ganglia but damage to the putamen is associated with Tourette's syndrome only. Answer D is incorrect, as malfunctions in the substantia nigra, a structure often associated with the basal ganglia, are implicated in Parkinson's disease.

The correct answer is B.

As the Leiter is used with other language disorders as well as hearing impairments. A, C, and D are not characteristics where the Leiter International Performance Scale and Hiskey-Nebraska test are similar, which makes these answers incorrect.

The correct answer is D.

Extreme messages and those that induce too much fear can often backfire and they are often perceived as unbelievable. A communicator’s trustworthiness can be increased if he or she argues a position opposed to his or her own self-interest (answer A). This is proven in research dealing with persuasion. If a communicator can attempt to not seem like he or she is trying to persuade (answer B), and if a communicator is able to make a message feel “accidental,” then that communicator has a much greater chance of appearing trustworthy (answer C).

Your answer is incorrect.
The correct answer is D.

Repeated measurements may be analyzed to detect non-randomness (e.g., first and fifth values similar, as are the second and sixth, third and seventh, and so forth), which makes answer A incorrect. If an autocorrelation exists, one may determine an appropriate time-series model allowing for better prediction of future values in a series. However, an autocorrelation does not necessarily invalidate coefficient estimates but rather poses concerns regarding tests of their statistical significance (e.g., t-tests).

Answers B and C are therefore incorrect.

The correct answer is D.

Children first develop an understanding of death around the age of five. Answer A is incorrect because prior to the age of five, children tend to believe that death is temporary, like a deep sleep that people can choose to wake from. Answers B and C are incorrect because it is not until the age of nine that children gain an understanding about the finality and universality of death.

The correct answer is C.

As Adderall is not a benzodiazepine. Answers A, B, and D are incorrect, as these are all benzodiazepines.

The correct answer is C.

The Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children. Answer A is a distractor term, answer B is a widely used personality assessment instrument, and answer D is a lesser-known personality assessment tool.

The correct answer is A.

By using a situational factor to describe his own mistake and a dispositional factor to describe Francis’s mistake, Johnny committed the fundamental attribution error. Self-serving bias is the tendency to perceive oneself favorably. One credits internal factors for successes and external factors for failures, which makes answer B incorrect. Cognitive dissonance is psychological distress caused by conscious awareness of two contradictory thoughts, ideas, feelings, or cognitions, which makes answer C incorrect. Actor-observer bias requires analyzing and justifying our own behaviors, which makes answer D incorrect.

The correct answer is D.

Nominal variables are qualitative, not quantitative, and measured only in terms of whether the individual items belong to some distinctively different categories, which makes answer A false. In observational, or correlational, studies, both variables are measured, not just the criterion variable, which makes answer B false. Ratio variables, not interval variables, have an absolute zero, which makes answer C false.

The correct answer is D.

The Rosenthal effect occurs when the expectation of the teacher has a positive effect on the student's progress. Answer A is incorrect because locus of control is the belief that anything that happens in an individual's life, positive or negative, is a result of controllable factors. Answer B is incorrect because this is the study of how people attribute causes to events in their life. Answer C is incorrect, as achievement motivation has to do with what factors influence a student to succeed in school.

The correct answer is A.

Developmental Gerstmann's syndrome is a developmental version of Gerstmann's syndrome that is associated with bilateral damage to the angular gyrus. Like acquired Gerstmann's syndrome in adults, developmental Gerstmann's syndrome is associated with finger agnosia, acalculia, dysgraphia, and right-left confusion.

The correct answer is B.

Elevated L scale responses may indicate a desire to "fake good" or that the test-taker has poor insight. Malingering (answer C) is identified by looking at the pattern of scores on all of the validity scales. A high Trin score would be the result of marking most answers true (answer A), and if they were under severe distress during the test (answer D) it may be indicated by elevation on the F scale.

The correct answer is A.

The fact that the better dressed candidate dresses better than the plain-looking candidate is a positive trait. That positive trait's being correlated with the competence of the candidate demonstrates the halo effect. The Barnum effect is the likelihood that individuals will deem accounts of their personality as highly accurate when descriptions are generalizable to anyone (fortunes, horoscopes, etc.), which makes answer B incorrect. The theory of androgyny is that a mixture of male and female characteristics is perceived as more adaptive, which makes answer C incorrect. Self-fulfilling prophecy is the tendency for people to act in a way that is predicted about an event or behavior, thereby increasing the likelihood that the event or behavior will occur, which makes answer D incorrect.

The correct answer is A.

The matched-subjects design involves matching participants on a variable related to the dependent variable (e.g., socioeconomic status), and then assigning one member of each pair to each experimental condition, whereas a within-subjects design assigns participants to each experimental condition (i.e., everyone serves as her or his own control).

The correct answer is C.

Women retain the physiological capacity for sexual activity longer than men, yet they are less sexually active than men in old age. One of the main obstacles that Masters and Johnson attribute to the lack of women's sexual activity is the lack of a partner.

The correct answer is D.

Contralateral neglect is the condition that occurs when one "neglects" half of their body or physical space. This most commonly occurs after a stroke or injury to the right parietal lobe. Because the right parietal lobe processes information from the left visual field, the left side of the body or space may be neglected, while the individual maintains awareness of the right side. Synesthesia (answer A) is the stimulation of one sensory domain (vision) from a different sensory domain (auditory). Anosognosia (answer B) is the unawareness of one's own neurological symptoms. Paresthesia (answer C) is numbness or tingling that may be perceived from altered sensation in the skin.

The correct answer is B.

The Stroop effect is delay and interruption in naming the color of a word printed in a non-matching color ink. This effect indicates that word recognition occurs faster than color recognition. Answer A is incorrect, as it involves the way the eyes judge distance and size. Answer C is incorrect, as it describes the tendency for people to remember unfinished tasks better than finished ones. Answer D is incorrect as well, as it relates to the way we perceive moving objects.

The correct answer is B.

Basing his opinions on a specific candidate on the presidential debates seen on TV, and on the fact that he seems to know what he is talking about, etc., is an example of a man using peripheral processing route. The central processing route would have been used if the man based his opinions on the presidential candidates views on specific issues, which makes answer A incorrect. Overjustification hypothesis and cognitive dissonance theory are not related to elaboration likelihood model, which makes answers C and D incorrect.

The correct answer is B.

Adding or subtracting a constant from each score alters the mean similarly but not the standard deviation (i.e., the mean is now 100 - 10 = 90, whereas the standard deviation remains 10); however, multiplying or dividing each score by a constant affects both the mean and the standard deviation similarly (e.g., dividing each score by 10 would result in a mean of 100 / 10 = 10 and a standard deviation of 10 / 10 = 1).

The correct answer is A.

The rooting reflex is characterized by the baby turning the head, opening the mouth, and beginning sucking movements, in response to his or her cheek being stroked with a finger or nipple. The Moro reflex (answer B) involves the baby extending the legs, arms, and fingers, and arching the back, in response to being startled. The Babinski reflex (answer C) is characterized by the baby spreading out the toes and twisting the foot when the sole of his or her foot is stroked. In the grasp reflex (answer D), the baby makes a firm fist around an object that is placed in the hand.

The correct answer is A.

Early motor symptoms of HD include facial grimacing, piano-like finger movements, and involuntary muscle jerks. The involuntary rapid jerking of the arms, legs, and other parts of the body that is associated with HD is called chorea. As the disease progresses, motor movements become less choreic and more rigid.

The correct answer is B.

The Strong Interest Inventory (SII) matches test-takers to a criterion group of people who report to be successful and satisfied in their careers. Answer C is incorrect, as this is a type of testing measure but is associated with comparing an individual's scores to each other. Answer D is incorrect; it is a method of creating and evaluating the results of a test, but the SII does not base its analysis on specific norms. Domain-referenced tests (incorrect answer A) measure performance against a well-defined set of tasks or body of knowledge.

The correct answer is B.

Caucasians are not generally affiliated with the qualities noted. African Americans, Native Americans, and Hispanic Americans follow the various approaches mentioned in this example, making answers A, C, and D incorrect.

The correct answer is C.

The level of alpha used in a statistical test is left to the researcher to determine.