The endocrine glands The hormones I The adrenal gland The GI tract hormones Hormones secreted by organs
100
Which are the endocrine glands within the brain?
Pineal, pituitary, hypothalamus
100
Which hormone is produced by the pineal gland?
Melatonin
100
Name the three categories of steroid hormones
Mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, sex steroids
100
Which are the three best-known GI hormones and where are produced?
Gastrin- Stomach, Secretin-Duodenum, Cholecystokinin(CCK)-Duodenum
100
Name two hormones secreted by the fat cells
Leptin and cortisol
200
Which are the endocrine glands in the neck?
Thyroid and parathyroid
200
Which hormones the thyroid gland produces?
Triiodothyronine (T3) Thyroxine (T4) Calcitonin
200
What are Estradiol, Testosterone, Progesterone, Aldosterone, Cortisol?
Example of steroid hormones
200
Which hormones are produced by the pancreas?
Insulin, Glucagon, Somatostatin, Pancreatic polypeptide
200
Which hormone is produced by the bone?
Osteocalcin
300
Which are the two largest tissues in the body secreting endocrine factors?
Skeletal muscle and bone
300
Which hormones are produced by the gonads?
Androgens, estrogens, progestins
300
Which is a glucocorticoid stimulated by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?
Cortisol
300
What is the gut-brain axis?
It is the interaction between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain
300
Which hormones are produced by the kidney?
Calcitriol, erythropoietin (EPO)
400
Which are the parts of the adrenal gland?
Cortex and medulla
400
Name two hormones that are also neurotransmitters
Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
400
Which parts of the adrenal gland secrete steroid hormones, epinephrine and norepinephrine?
Adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex
400
Example of GI tract hormones acting as neuropeptides in the brain
CCK, Ghrelin, peptide YY, Glucagon-like peptides 1 and 2, NPY, SOM
400
Which is the function of the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)?
It opposes to increase in blood pressure by causing vasodilation and reduced reabsorption of water and sodium ions through its action on the kidneys.
500
Which gland is a point of interaction between endocrine neural and immune systems?
thymus gland
500
Give an example of two hormones which have antagonistic actions
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin
500
The sympathetic branch of the ANS controls the secretion of hormones from the adrenal medulla. Which type of communications is it?
Neuroendocrine communication
500
What is the enteric nervous system?
It is a branch of the ANS which innervates the GI system with sensory neurons, motor neurons and interneurons where GI peptides act as chemical signals together with neurotransmitters.
500
Which process does irisin stimulate when released by the skeletal muscle?
Browning.






Neuroendocrinology - The endocrine glands and their hormones

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