Ambient air | Ventilation | Cardiac output | Oxygen transport |
---|---|---|---|
What is oxygen
This gas comprises 21% of ambient air at sea level
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What is the brainstem
This is where the stimulus for spontaneous ventilations originates
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What is cardiac output
The amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle in 1 minute
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What is hemoglobin
This molecule is the way oxygen is primarily transported
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What is nitrogen
This gas comprises 78% of ambient air at sea level
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What is Boyles law
A gas law that states the pressure of a gas and its volume are inversely proportional
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What is Stroke volume
The amount of blood ejected with each contraction
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What is blood plasma
This is the way carbon dioxide is transported through the body
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What is hypoxia
A patient in a low oxygen environment is in danger of suffering from this type of -oxia
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What is inspiration
The active phase of ventilation in which the diaphragm contracts and the external intercostal muscles
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What is preload
The pressure or "load" in the left ventricle at the end of diastole
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What is the alveoli
where is AMBIENT air oxygen exchanged with blood
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What is increasing the concentration of oxygen
doing this is a way to improve cellular oxygenation
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What is hypoxic drive
This the main ventilation stimulus for COPD patients, and other patients who are less sensitive to changes in CO2
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What is afterload
The resistance in the aorta that must be overcome by the left ventricle to eject blood into the body
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What is the capillaries
Oxygen in the blood stream is exchanged in these structures for aerobic metabolism
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What is 0.03%
This is the percentage of carbon dioxide in the ambient air at sea level
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What is accessory muscles
The usage of these muscles, which are not normally used in ventilation is usually sign of respiratory distress
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What is Hydrostatic pressure
The force or pressure exerted on a vessel or capillary bed by the contraction of the heart
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What is respiration/metabolism
the chemical cellular process for creating ATP
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