These are two reasons for Shabbat in the Torah.

Moving a frozen dough.

This is the reason one may not climb a tree on Shabbat.

Fixing a bent knife

Digging a pit for the dirt.

This is the principle from which we learn that melacha must be a function of intelligent design.

Tying a fisherman's net.

This is the reason one may not talk business on Shabbat.

Melting candles.

Detaching apples from the tree with your elbow.

This is the name for the first category of מלאכות.

Pushing your car into the driveway.

This is the reason we cannot dig a hole for the dirt on Shabbat.

Picking out watermelon seeds.

Intending to pull one flower out of ground, but by accident grabbing hold and pulling out a different one.

Winding up a watch on Shabbat is a violation of this.

Moving your violin into the closet.

This is the reason we do not play instruments on Shabbat.

Cutting fingernails.

Moving a heavy bench over soft mud.

This is the relationship between אבות and תולדות.

Turning on the flame under a raw egg.

This is the reason we do not purchase items on Shabbat.

Collecting detached apples in the field.

Gently brushing hair with soft brush.