| Chapter 13 Nutrition Care and Assessment | Chapter 14 Diet-Drug Interactions + Chapter 15 Enteral & Parenteral Nutrition Support | Chapter 16 Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Distress | Chapter 17 Nutrition and Upper GI Disorders | Chapter 18 Nutrition and Lower GI Disorders |
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Subjective Global Assessment
Which type of assessment evaluates a person’s risk of malnutrition by ranking key variables from the medical history and physical examination?
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Fat-restricted diet
What type of diet is prescribed for diseases of the Liver or Gallbladder?
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Histamine
During the inflammatory response, mast cells release _____, which causes vasodilation and capillary permeability.
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Dysphagia
Pneumonia may be associated with which condition affecting the upper gastrointestinal tract?
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Can be caused by inadequate fluid intake
Fiber foods include whole-grain bread, dried beans, and nuts.
What can cause constipation and which foods can help constipation?
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Celiac disease, dementia, pressure sores, major surgery
Severe weight loss – which may be masked by fluid retention in people who are ill Muscle weakness due to wasting (can be evaluated by hand grip strength)
Malnutrition is generally associated with
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Before surgery to minimize fecal volume
One example of when a low fiber diet is used
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Zinc
Which trace mineral plays a role in immunity and healing?
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avoid alcohol, spicy foods, caffeine, eat small meals
What are some nutrition strategies to manage GERD?
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Most commonly caused by alcohol abuse
Nutrition therapy for mild/moderate pancreatitis is NPO (nothing by mouth)
What is the most common cause of acute pancreatitis and what is the initial nutrition therapy for mild/moderate pancreatitis?
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Cannot monitor for short term changes in food intake
Name one con of Food Frequency Questionnaires
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Used when the GI tract is functioning normally but patient is unable to meet nutrition needs orally. Example. Someone who severe dysphagia
When is enteral feeding appropriate?
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1.2-2.0g/kg/day
What is the protein recommendations in critically ill, non-obese patients?
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Dyspepsia
General discomfort in the upper abdominal area with complaints of stomach pain, gnawing sensations, fullness, nausea, and bloating is descriptive of:
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Minimize odor by reducing gas producing foods like Brussel sprouts
To help control diarrhea, consume applesauce, saltines, bananas, white rice, potatoes w/ no skin, marshmallows, pretzels.
How would someone with an ostomy reduce odor and control diarrhea?
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Food records
What type of dietary recall is used most often to monitor clients compliance?
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Conditions where the GI tract is impaired. Ex. Paralytic ileus.
When is parenteral nutrition appropriate?
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pneumonia
What is the principle infection associated with MODS?
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Protein recommendation for post bariatric 1.0-1.5 g/kg ideal body weight per day
What is the protein recommendation for post bariatric surgery?
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Affects the ileum
Which part of the GI tract does Crohn's Disease affect?
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It is the role of the RD to conduct nutrition assessments. Nutrition assessments should ask about dietary restrictions and screen for malnutrition risk by asking about food allergies and intolerances.
Who does the nutrition assessment and what is one way that they can screen for malnutrition risk?
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Refeeding syndrome (Refeeding syndrome can be defined as the potentially fatal shifts in fluids and electrolytes that may occur in malnourished patients receiving artificial refeeding (whether enterally or parenterally). Start feeds slow to a malnourished patient to avoid refeeding syndrome)
Can result in gall bladder disease
What are some of the risks of TPN?
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Nutrition can help to prevent excessive wasting
How can nutrition help someone with MODS?
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Diet progression is clear liquid, full liquid, pureed, regular
What is the order of diet progression post bariatric surgery?
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Commercial sports drinks are not recommended for the treatment of severe diarrhea because they are too low in sodium.
What type of drink is not recommended to treat severe diarrhea?
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