Reinforces separation of powers & federalism; powers not granted to the federal government are reserved to states.

Positive acts of government that seek to make constitutional guarantees a reality for all people.

The president’s right arm in formulating and conducting foreign affairs.

It ended slavery in the U.S. in 1865.

The largest source of federal revenue today.

Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.

The unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.

Official representative of the U.S. appointed by the president to represent U.S. in matters of diplomacy.

Grants citizenship to all born/naturalized in US; forbids states denying life, liberty, property.

These legislative courts hear cases arising out of some of the expressed powers given to Congress in Article I.

A person is guaranteed a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury, and assistance of counsel.

The separation of one group from another.

Legal document issued by a state; identifies citizens of state with right of protection abroad.

A president serves no more than 10 years (twice elected & no more than ½ of another presidential term).

The VP can permanently or temporarily become acting president due to the president not being able to do his duties.

Guarantees jury trials in federal civil cases that deal with claims of more than twenty dollars.

Makes employers take steps to remedy effects of past discriminations; quotas for jobs/promotions.

A permit to enter another state. It must be obtained from the country one wishes to enter.

Deals with presidential succession; procedures for filling VP vacancy; presidential disabilities.

The heads of the 5 military organizations serve as principle military advisors to the president.

There are additional fundamental rights that exist outside the Constitution (such as privacy).

Discrimination against the majority group; it is what critics of the quota system say they are suffering from.

Places for citizens who are abroad to find aid and assistance.

Separated presidential & VP elections so another fiasco (like the 1800 election) wouldn’t happen again.

Intended to prevent unjust arrests/imprisonments; prisoner brought before court for explanation.