| Anxiety Defined | Benzodiazepines | Pharmacodynamic | Adverse Effects | Pharmacokinetics & Misc |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
What is Anxiolytics?
Anxiolytics also known as anti-anxiety drugs.
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What are the multiple uses?
Anticonvulsants, sedative-hypnotics, preoperative drugs, substance abuse withdrawal agents, and anxiolytics.
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What is onset?
The onset of action is 15 to 30 minutes for IM administration and 1 to 5 minutes IV.
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What is the list of side effects associated with benzodiazepine?
Dizziness, Headaches, Dry mouth, Blurred vision, Rare urinary incontinence, Constipation
|
What is the solubility of Lorazepam?
Highly lipid soluble
|
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What is Anxiolytics used for?
Primarily used to treat anxiety and insomnia.
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What is the main use?
Used mainly for severe and prolonged anxiety
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What is the length of time Benzodiazepines are prescribed?
Benzodiazepines are prescribed for no longer than 3 to 4 months. The effectiveness will be lessened if taken beyond 4 months.
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What is the specific adverse effect of Benzodiazepines?
Fever, malaise, and sore throat
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What is the half life of Lorazepam?
12 hours
|
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What are the two types of anxiety?
Primary and Secondary.
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What is the more effective drug choice?
Barbiturates
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What is the effected areas when using Lorazepam?
Acts on the limbic, thalamic, and hypothalamic levels of CNS.
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What is the chance of withdrawal symptom?
Withdrawal symptoms are likely to occur, therefore, benzodiazepine should not be abruptly discontinued.
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What is method of excretion?
Excreted primarily in the urine and primarily metabolized in the liver
|
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What is Primary anxiety?
Primary anxiety is not caused by a medical condition or by drug use.
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What is the prototype drug?
Lorazepam
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What is the peak of most oral doses of Benzodiazepines?
The serum levels of most oral doses of benzodiazepines peak in 2 hours
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What is reason to use Benzodiazepines?
Fewer side effects and less dangerous in overdosing.
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What is the miscellaneous anxiolytic drug that may not be effective until 1 to 2 weeks after continuous use?
Anxiolytic buspirone hydrochloride
|
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What is Secondary anxiety?
Secondary anxiety is related to selected drug use or medical /psychiatric disorders.
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What is the dosage for adults/children?
Adult/children greater than 12 years: taken by mouth initially 2-3mg in divided doses; increase gradually as needed. Maintenance : 1-10mg per day in divided dosages; max: 10 mg/d
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What is duration of action?
The duration of action varies, but the average is 16 hours when given orally: when given IV, the duration of action is 6 to 8 hours.
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What is the reason for decreased effectiveness of benzodiazepines?
Tobacco and caffeine
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What is the type of juice that anxiolytic buspirone hydrochloride have an interaction with?
Grapefruit juice
|
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