HMS/UA Pathway | TCA Cycle | Oxidative Phosphorylation and Gluconeogenesis | Erythrocytes | Porphyrin metabolism |
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What is cytosol
The HMS pathway occurs in the
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What is mitochondrial matrix?
This is where the TCA cycle occurs
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What is moving NADH across the inner mito membrane
The goal of the malate shuttle
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What is hypoxia
The release of erythropoetin is stimulated by
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What is liver, bone marrow
Hemoglobin synthesis occurs mainly in
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What is UDP-Glucose.
The nitrogen-containing intermediate of the uronic acid pathway
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What is OAA?
This TCA cycle intermediate is impermeable to the mitochondrial matrix
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What is cyanide
This inhibits Complex IV in the ETC
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What is the hydroxyl radical OH
This oxygen derivative is considered the most toxic
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What is reticuloendothelial tissue
Under normal circumstances, the majirty of bilirubin production occurs here
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What is L-Gulonactone oxidase
Primates, fish, guinea pigs, and bats lack this enzyme which prevents them from producing Vitamin C
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What is oxidative (explain) and biosynthetic.
Functions of the TCA cycle (2)
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What is the liver and kidney
The main locations where gluconeogenesis occurs
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What is NADH
Methehomglbin reduction in erythrocytes requires
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What is Delta-ALA synthase
The rate limiting enzyme in heme biosythesis
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What is G6PDH
The rate limiting enzyme of the oxidative phase of the HMS pathway
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What is isocitrate+NAD+------->alpha kg+NADH
This reaction is the rate-limiting step in the TCA cycle
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What is OAA -------PEP carboxykinase-----> PEP
This is the rate limiting step in gluconeogenesis
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What is salvage pathway
Purine nucleotides are conserved through this
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What is hepatic
This kind of jaundice is caused by liver diseases
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What is insulin (stimulated) and NADPH (negative regulation)
The oxidative phase of the HMS pathway is stimulated and regulated by
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What is Succinyl-CoA
Thist intermediate leaks from the TCA cycle to enter the porphyrin biosynthesis
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What is overnight fast/ increase in glucagon
Low levels of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate as a result from this induces gluconeogenesis with the use of fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase
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What is enhanced erythrocyte turnover
PFK deficiency would be expected to result in
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What is enterohepatic circulation
14 % of conjugated bilirubin is put into this
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