Lecture 11: Cell Membrane | Lecture 12: Membrane Transport | Lecture 13: Metabolism I | Lecture 14: Metabolism II |
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What are flexion, rotation, lateral diffusion, and rarely flip flop?
These are the 4 ways in which phospholipids can move in the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane.
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What is molecular size and solubility?
The rate of diffusion of molecules across the cell membrane depends on these two factors.
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What is Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)?
This is the name of the most abundant activated carrier in cells.
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What is metabolism?
This term is defined as the sum of chemical reactions within a cell that provide energy for life.
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What is a liposome?
This is formed when the phospholipid bilayer spontaneously closes to form a more energetically favorable structure.
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What is electrochemical gradient?
Active transport with the use of ATP goes against this gradient.
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What is reduction; oxidation?
______ is a reaction consisting of the gain of electrons, whereas ______ is a reaction consisting of the loss of electrons.
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What is pyruvate?
This is the name given to the product of glucose oxidation in glycolysis.
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What is cholesterol?
This molecule fills gaps in the phospholipid bilayer and stiffens it, changing fluidity based on temperature.
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What is a voltage gated cation channel?
Neuron action potentials are mediated by this type of ion channel.
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What is glycolysis?
This reaction turns 1 glucose into 2 pyruvate.
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What is the mitochondrial intermembrane space?
The proton gradient that powers ATP synthase can be found in this area of the mitochondria.
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What is the cell cortex?
This thing reinforces the plasma membrane and facilitates membrane domains.
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What are neurotransmitters?
These convert an electrical signal into a chemical signal at the neuron synapse during an action potential.
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What is gluconeogenesis?
This process uses specific enzymes to bypass irreversible steps of glycolysis.
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What is the Electron Transport Chain?
If this process comes to a stop there would be an influx of NADH and oxygen would not be reduced.
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What is scramblase?
This enzyme catalyzes the transfer of random phospholipids from one monolayer to the other.
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What are Na+ and Ca+2, what is K+?
These two ions have a higher concentration outside of the cell, and this ion has a higher concentration inside of the cell.
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What is Acetyl Co A; CO2?
The citric acid cycle completely oxidizes carbon from what to what?
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What is NADP+?
Constant regeneration of this molecule allows for the continuous synthesis of ATP.
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