| Lesson 3 | Lesson 3 | lesson 3 | lesson 3 | lesson 3 |
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malaria, yellow fever, pneumonia, HIV, tuberculosis
List five core health problems of developing countries
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the prevention of disease, disability, and premature death but it also maintenance of the environment that is suited to humanity's efficient performance and prevention of comfort and enjoyment of living today and in the future
What are the goals of environmental health programs?
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vectors
Arthropods involved in the transmission of human and animal disease are called
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rocky mountain spotted fever
The reservoirs include dog ticks, wood tick, and the lone star tick. The etiologic
Agent is Rickettsia rickettsii and it is transmitted by the bite or crushed tick blood with an incubation of 3-10 days |
filariasis (elephantiasis after prolonged exposure)
Caused by nematode worms, this disease is transmitted by the bite of a mosquito;
Culex, Aedes, and Anopheles species with the reservoir being blood from the person harboring the agent. |
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contaminated water, unhygienic housing and poor sanitation
What are three factors that make developing countries susceptible to illnesses listed in
the above question? |
host, agent, and environment
Analyzing the Epidemiologic Triangle, what are the three factors that influence
disease transmission? |
reservoir
The ______________________ is the source of infection which is often a non
human animal. |
bubonic plague
Is transmitted by the bite of an infective flea, X. cheopis, with rodents being the
other reservoir being wild rodents. The etiologic agent is Pasteurella pestis and Yersinia pestis |
dengue fever
Also known as breakbone fever, this viral disease is transmitted by the bite of
infected Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus. |
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epidemiological transition
When a country shifts from infectious disease mortality
the country is said to have undergone a what? |
Host- genetic
Agent- the infectious organism Environment-the setting in which the interaction occurrs and includes the social as well as the biological environment
Give one example of each of these Epidemiologic triangle factors.
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water control, eliminate carriers of the disease, immunization
List 3 control measures for eliminating or reducing the incidence of insectborne
diseases. |
Trypanosomiasis
Transmitted by the bite of infected tsetse flies, the reservoir of this agent includes
humans, wild game and cattle |
psittacosis
The etiologic agent’s reservoirs include; infected parrots, parakeets, love birds
and other birds. The disease is contracted through contact with infected birds or inhalation of their desiccated waste and the incubation is 4-15 days. |
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it refers to everything that humans encounter: everything that is eaten, drunk, and smoked; drugs, medicine, and occupational exposures; and air, water, and soil.
To an epidemiologist, the term environment has a different meaning than what the
general public might define it as. To an epidemiologist, the term refers to |
smallpox
The only infectious disease to be eradicated by humans is ___________________.
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the spread of infectious diseases in a hospital or clinic setting
What is a nosocomial transmission (disease) and give an example from the text
relating to sinks. |
colorado tick fever
Transmitted by the bite of an infected tick (Dermacentor andersoni). Symptoms
occur usually four to five days after being bitten. The agent is a virus. |
myasis
Fly infestation of humans and vertebrate animal tissue with fly larvae transmits
this etiologic agent commonly known as the screwworm. |
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in the U.S. between 1900 and 2000 resulted in lower childhood mortality and longer life expectancy
How can the availability of clean water and better nutrition morbidity and mortality
rates? |
Not every person needs to be immunized , nor does the immunization need to be effective in creating protective anti-bodies in every person, however the higher the rates of immunity in the population the lower the chances that a newly introduced infectious person will infect enough people for the pathogen to be able to become endemic
Define herd immunity:
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Flavivirus, it causes encephalitis and is spread by culex mosquito's
What is the agent of West Nile Virus, what is the disease it causes and what species
of mosquito is the vector? |
tularemia
The reservoirs are rabbits, muskrats, and other wild animals. The agent is
transmitted by the bite of infected flies or ticks or ingesting undercooked rabbit meat. |
malaria
Nearly 40% of the world’s population lives in regions at risk of contracting
the vectorborne disease_____________ and the WHO estimates over 500 million cases annually. |
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