Dr. Jennifer Doudna: Genome Engineering with CRISPR-Cas9 | In Breakthrough, Scientists Edit a Dangerous Mutation From Genes in Human Embryos | Heritable Genome Editing |
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What is gel-electrophoresis?
Technology that was used to see the segmented DNA strands on agarose gel
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What is federal law?
Reason why CRISPR-Cas9 cannot go into clinical trial
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What is Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis or PGD?
A technique that can be used in in vitro fertilization to identify embryos that are affected by a heritable genetic disease
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What is biology, biotechnology, biomedicine?
Areas of sciences in which CRISPR-Cas9 technology can be applied to
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What is breast and ovarian cancer, Huntington’s, Tay-Sachs, beta thalassemia, sickle cell anemia, cystic fibrosis, early-onset Alzheimer’s?
Possible conditions that may arise from specific inherited mutation
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What is APOE4?
An allele that positively correlates with Alzheimer’s disease, but would probably not be selected for HGE because it offers some protection against liver damage by hepatitis C infection
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What is ZFN and TALEN?
Two proteins that serve as protein-based recognition of DNA sequence
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What is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Disease that can cause sudden heart failure, often in young athletes
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What is mitochondrial replacement?
Replacing mutated, disease causing mitochondria with normal mitochondria from a donor woman’s eggs
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What is Cas9?
Protein that uses the sequence in guide RNA to create a double stranded DNA break?
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What is disease-free and no transmission of diseases of descendants?
Some benefit of repairing mutations in embryos
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What is mosaicism?
A technical issue with HGE, in which some cells in a resulting embryo do not contain a desired edit following HGE performed on a zygote
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What is bacterial/archaeal chromosomes
Systems in which CRISPRs were first discovered?
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What is eugenics?
Study to arrange reproduction to increase the occurrence of desirable heritable characteristics
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What is heritable genome editing?
A form of germ line editing that includes the transfer of edited material for gestation with the intent to create a new human that is able to pass on this edit
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