Eckhardt V Des Moines Jeopardy Template

District Court	8th Cir. Court of Appeals	Supreme Court 1	Supreme Court 2	Supreme Court 3
100 Chief Judge Roy L. Stephenson Who was the presiding judge?	100 Nothing! On appeal, what did the 8th Cir initially decide?	100 5-4 How many justices voted to grant the students’ cert petition?	100 Gideon v. Wainwright; President Johnson How does the author speculate that Fortas voted against hearing the case?	100 School administrators cannot put restraints on student speech unless the speech substantially interferes with the school’s ability to discipline students. What was the majority's holding?
200 Sch. Dist.’s policy was reasonable and did not violate students’ 1st Am rights because it was designed to prevent a serious disturbance What was the holding?	200 Nothing! On reargument, what did the 8th Cir decide?	200 “et al.” (Photos) How was the case renamed?	200 Public sentiment leaned against the war; Pres. Nixon (R) was elected (Video) What events occurred by the time oral arguments were held?	200 “children’s rights” expert; hold the majority; meet quota What are the plausible reasons for assigning Justice Fortas to write the opinion?
300 Wearing armbands was a form of symbolic speech protected by the 1st Am; Created a circuit split with the 5th Cir. Even though judgement was entered against the students, how did the holding benefit the students?	300 Default rule. Split decisions meant that the lower court’s decision was affirmed. Why was the lower court’s holding affirmed?	300 Fortas Who wrote the Tinker opinion?	300 equal protection; reasonableness; prior restraint; failure to show disturbance What were the possible grounds for deciding the case?	300 Does not want SCOTUS to second-guess school administration decisions Why did Justice Black disagree with the majority

Eckhardt v. Des Moines

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