It refers to layers of sounds.

It is the tone quality of an instrument.

It is a combination of two or more musical notes that sounds beautiful together. It is written on the staff vertically, usually forming chords.

Steady and regular pulse we hear in music. It is under the element, "Rhythm".

It is a dynamic marking that means, "moderately soft" or "moderately quiet".

It is a kind of texture that uses only one melodic line; no accompaniment or harmony.

It is a kind of texture that has two or more independent melodies that is played or sang one at a time.

It is a kind of harmony that is harsh-sounding.

It varies in degrees of loud and soft sounds.

It is a dynamic marking that gradually increase in volume.