This noun type encompasses actions, events, ideas, states of mind, qualities and conditions.

The label given to an embedded clause in a complex sentence like "The hare, which was faster, took a nap."

This type of syntactic construction is seen in sentences like "Should I call you, or you me?"

The grammatical mood of the object in the following sentence: "They asked what had happened."

The type of grammatical article used to present information as given.

This unit has two distinctive features: 1) it will name a specific [usually a one-of-a-kind] item, and 2) it will begin with a capital letter no matter where it occurs in a sentence.

Written language is often more complex due to the higher frequency of this construction, as seen in "There are several factors which contribute to this problem that every school faces."

The process type in clauses like "these mean nothing", "that illustrates the beauty within", and "this stands for the truth".

This type of interrogative construction often has the declarative function, with the intention of challenging the hearer, such as in "What have you ever done for me?"

The subject, circumstantial adjunct, and complement, when they are fronted, are all known as this type of theme.

The expression of this aspect of language in nouns like "dominatrix" or "conductress" that may reinforce traditional stereotypes.

The process of adding a derivational suffix to a verb or adjective, often considered to make sentences more difficult to follow and to promote wordiness.

The difference between "I grew the grapes" and "The grapes grew"

The category of sentence function in "Don't you think it's time you cleaned your room?"

This cohesive strategy is commonly seen in children's books, where part of the rheme is used as the theme of the next sentence, e.g. "Once I had a cow. The cow lived in the shed. The shed had two doors..."

The grammatical unit which is elided in, "If John tries my chilli fries, I will try his"

A type of sentence with no independent clause, such as "What a horrible smell."

The type of object in "I gave HIM a ball".

These are often used to reduce the threat to hearer's negative face threatening acts which are often produced by imperatives, e.g. "could you come here for a moment?" (come here!).

The phenomenon of co-referring to an expression that comes later in the discourse, such as "If you want them, the cookies are in the kitchen."

The sort of construction impersonalises the relationship between the action (or state) that the verb expresses and the participants identified by its arguments (subject, object, etc.)

Formal written English uses fewer verbs than spoken. Adding these allows verbs be to used nominally or adjectively, such as in "Writers are concerned with establishing reliability."

This sort of phrase/clause construction can take the object position of a sentence as in "I started making music" or subject position as in "Making music is fun!"

While deontic modality suggests "what should be", this sort of linguistic modality suggests "what may be".

The fronting of these sort of elements before the topical theme within a sentence such as "Frank, surely wouldn't you rather sleep?"