Thyroid Disorders | Adrenal Insufficiencies | Hodge Podge | Diabetes | Flexx |
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TSH
Released from the pituitary gland and causes stimulation of the thyroid, resulting in release of T3 and T4
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Addisons S/Sx
Muscle Weakness, anorexia, GI symptoms, fatigue, emaciation, dark pigmentation of the mucous membranes and skin, especially of the knuckles, knees, and elbows; hypotension, and low blood glucose, low serum sodium, high serum potassium levels.
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Hormones
Generally produced by the endocrine glands but may also be produced by specialized tissues such as those found in the GI system, the kidney, and white blood cells.
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At risk Groups for Diabetes
African Americans, Hispanic Americans, Native Americans, Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders
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Diabetes Insipidus
Condition in which abnormally large volumes of dilute urine are excreted as a result of deficient production of vasopressin
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Thyrotoxicosis
Condition produced by excessive endogenous or exogenous thyroid hormone
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Adrenocortical insufficiency
Therapeutic use of corticosteroids is the most common cause of this.
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Acromegaly
Progressive enlargement of peripheral body parts resulting rom excessive secretion of growth hormone.
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Islets of Langerhans
Insulin is a hormone secreted by beta cells, which are one of the four types of cells knows as this in the pancreases.
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Pituitary Gland
Commonly referred to as the master glad because of the influence it has on secretion of hormones by other endocrine glands
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Thyroid Storm
Severe life-threatening hyperthyroidism precipitated by stress; characterized by high fever, extreme tachycardia, and altered mental state
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Addisonian Crisis
Requires immediate treatment with IV administration of fluid, glucose, electrolytes, especially sodium; replacement of missing steroid hormones, and vasopressors.
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Pheochromocytoma
Benign tumor originating form chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla, case of high blood pressure in pts with HTN, usually fatal if undetected/untreated.
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DKA
A metabolic derangement that occurs most commonly in type I diabetes resulting from a deficient amount of insulin, highly acidic ketone bodies and metabolic acidosis occurs
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Posterior Pituitary
Two most important hormones secreted here are vasopressin (ADH) and oxytocin
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Graves Disease
A form of hyperthyroidism; characterized by a diffuse goiter and exophthalmos
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Cushing's Syndrome
Results from excessive, rather than deficient adrenocortical activity. Classically pts have central-type obesity, buffalo hump and moon face.
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Synthroid or levothyroxine
Commonly given to treat hypothyroidism and suppressing non-toxic goiters, the dosage is based on the patients serum TSH concentrations.
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Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia.
Classical triad of clinical manifestations for diabetes
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Diabetes Insipidus
Most common disorder of the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
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Myxedema Coma
Severe hypothyroidism leading to decreased mental status, hypothermia, and other symptoms related to slowing of function in multiple organ systems.
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Serum Cortisol, Urinary cortisol, and low -dose dexamethasone suppression tests
Three tests use to diagnose Cushing's Syndrome
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Symptom of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone
Excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone from the pituitary gland despite low serum osmolality level.
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Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome
Profound dehydration, tachycardia, variable neurological signs (alteration of consciousness, seizures, and hemiparesis).
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Desmopressin DDAVP
A synthetic version of vasopressin without the vascular effects of natural ADH, given intranasally
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