What is Intrarenal

Direct damage to the kidneys by inflammation, toxins, drugs, infection, or reduced blood supply is which type of AKI?

What is the patient is no longer able to filter their own blood and needs dialysis to do so for them.

A patient is ordered to have daily dialysis. What is the rationale for this?

What is
E. all are known causes

Which condition is NOT a known cause of cirrhosis?

A. Obesity
B. Alcohol consumption
C. Blockage of the bile duct
D. Hepatitis C
E. All are known causes of Cirrhosis

What is Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome

This complication is found mainly in Type 2 diabetics?

What is D. Grave’s Disease

A patient is admitted with complaints of palpations, excessive sweating, and unable to tolerate heat. In addition, the patient voices concern about how her appearance has changed over the past year. The patient presents with protruding eyeballs and pretibial myxedema on the legs and feet. Which of the following is the likely cause of the patient’s signs and symptoms?

A. Thyroiditis
B. Deficiency of iodine consumption
C. hypothyroidism
D. Grave’s Disease

What is
-Decreased kidney function
-Blood in urine
-obstruction in urinary tract
-pale skin
-poor appetite
-reduced u/o
-dehydration
-CNS (twitching, HA, lethargy)

Describe an Assessment of a patient with AKI

What is Anemia.

A patient with CKD has a low erythropoietin level, this patient is at risk for?

What is
C. increased ammonia level

During your morning assessment of a patient with cirrhosis, you note the patient is disoriented to person and place. In addition while assessing the upper extremities, the patient’s hands demonstrate a flapping motion. What lab result would explain these abnormal assessment findings?

A. Decreased magnesium level
B. Increased calcium level
C. Increased ammonia level
D. Increased creatinine level

What is Diabetic Ketoacidosis

A patient is found to have a blood glucose of 375 mg/dL, positive ketones in the urine, and blood pH of 7.25. Which condition is this?

What is C "Cytomel"

Which of the following are NOT treatment options for hyperthyroidism?
A. Thyroidectomy
B. Methimazole
C. Liothyronine Sodium "Cytomel"
D. Radioactive Iodine

Protein restriction, sodium restriction, and potassium restriction.
Limiting fluids (small amounts)

What is the nutritional limitations for a chronic kidney patient?

What is Blood pressure, electrolyte levels, HR, Blood sugar, weight, lung sounds

What are some things you should assess on a patient returning from dialysis?

What is
B,C,E
Ascites, Splenomegaly, Esophageal varices

A patient with late-stage cirrhosis develops portal hypertension. Which of the following options below are complications that can develop from this condition? Select all that apply:

A. Increase albumin levels
B. Ascites
C. Splenomegaly
D. Fluid volume deficient
E. Esophageal varices

What is C. Bicarbonate

Which of the following is NOT a medical treatment for DKA and HHNS?
A. IV regular insulin
B. Isotonic fluids
C. Bicarbonate
D. IV potassium Solution

What is C. the patients voice is hoarse

A patient is recovery from a parathyroidectomy. Which of the following findings causes concern and requires nursing intervention?

A. The patient is in Semi-Fowler’s position.
B. The patient’s calcium level is 8.9 mg/dL.
C. The patient’s voice is hoarse.
D. The patient is drowsy but arouses to name.

An imaging test used to evaluate renal blood flow

What is a renal angiogram and what is its purpose?

What is the Whipple

What procedure is used to help pancreatic patients and reroutes the GI system?

What is (Asterixis wrist, Apraxia writing)
*many verbal explanations acceptable*

Describe what Asterixis and Apraxia is

What is C. Oliguria

Which of the following is not a sign or symptom of Diabetic Ketoacidosis?
A. Positive Ketones in the urine
B. Polydipsia
C. Oliguria
D. Abdominal Pain

What is B, E, F
Constipation, Absent Trousseau, HTN

. A patient is 6 hours post-opt from thyroid surgery. The patient’s calcium level is 5 and phosphate level is 4.2. What physical signs and symptoms would NOT present with these findings? (Select-all-that-apply)

A. Bronchospasm
B. Constipation
C. Numbness and tingling in the face
D. Positive Chvostek’s Sign
E. Absent Trousseau’s Sign
F. Hypertension

What is
R- Risk GFR decreased >25%, creat increased x 1.5; U/O <5ml/kg/hr x 6 hours
I- Injury stage; GFR decreased >50%, creat increased x 2; U/O <5ml/kg/hr x 12 hours
F- GFR decreased >75%, creat increased x 3.0; U/O <3ml/kg/hr x 24 hours or anuria x 12 hours
L- loss- requires renal replacement x 4 weeks
E- end stage kidney disease=requires dialysis x 3 months

Describe the RIFLE classification including the GFR, Creat, and Urinary output.

Do not chew or crush
Take with all meals and snacks

What is some teaching points for patients taking pacrealipase?

What is bloody stool and change in bowel habits.

What are the two most common symptoms in colon cancer?

What is D. Newly Diagnosed diabetic

Which patient population is most at risk for DKA?
A. Middle-aged adults who are obese
B. Older-adults with Type 2 diabetes
C. Sick diabetic patient
D. Newly diagnosed diabetic

What is D. heart rate of 20, and E. Intolerance to cold

A patient is admitted with thyroid storm. Which sign and symptoms are NOT present with this condition-SELECT ALL THAT APPLY?

A. Temperature of 104.9’F
B. Heart rate of 125 bpm
C. Respirations of 42
D. Heart rate of 20 bpm
E. Intolerance to cold
F. Restless