| Punnett Squares | Gene Vocab | Genetic Mutations | Natural & Artificial Selection | Questions with Graphics |
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Helps people predict variations and possibilities that can result from sexual reproduction.
Explain the purpose of a Punnett square.
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Where all of an organism's genetic material is stored.
Define DNA.
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When there is a change or an error to a gene sequence.
What is a genetic mutation?
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Natural selection is when a selected or desirable trait improves an organism's chance of surviving and reproducing.
Define natural selection.
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They both have vertebrae.
Identify the characteristics that the Salamander and the Salmon have in common.
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Top = aa
Side = Aa
Fill in the top and side of the following Punnett square. Mother = homozygous recessive. Father = heterozygous. Use the letter a. You do not have to complete the inside of the squares.
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Genes are recipes to make proteins.
Define gene.
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positive, negative & neutral (no effect)
What are the three possible outcomes of genetic mutations?
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Artificial selection is when human breeders select a desirable trait(s) in another organism and breed them to continue that trait(s) in that organism's offspring.
Define artificial selection.
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Complete the Punnett square to the left.
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Complete a Punnett square using the following alleles: Mom: Aa Dad: Aa
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For cells to reproduce and to repair damaged cells.
What is the purpose of the Cell Cycle?
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Genetic mutations are permanent when they affect the protein
Explain what makes a genetic mutation permanent.
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The desirable trait gives the organism a specific benefit when living in that environment. For example, blending in with the environment, more protection against prey and / or more food supply.
Explain why a desirable trait improves an organism's chances of surviving and reproducing in a specific environment.
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TT = 1/4
Tt = 2/4 tt = 1/4
Using the Punnett square below, determine the probability (in fractions) of each genotype (TT, Tt and tt).
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0%
Determine the probability (using percent) of an offspring having a homozygous recessive genotype when both of it's parents have a homozygous dominant genotype.
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Humans have thousands of proteins. Each protein has a vital role for the overall survival of the human.
Define Proteins.
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Neutral because if the amino acid wasn't changed then the protein wasn't affected.
State the type of outcome the following mutation would have: A mutation that did not change the amino acid.
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The undesirable trait gives the organism a disadvantage when living in that environment. For example, sticking out in an environment, less protection against predators and / or less food supply.
Explain why a undesirable trait lowers an organism's chances of surviving and reproducing in a specific environment.
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Appendages = long, Eye color = Red, Fur pattern = Solid, Tail shape = Bushy
Use the Larkey's genotype and the key to determine its phenotype. Determine all four traits.
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Set up and complete your own Punnett square. Create a key that determines two different phenotypes. Determine which phenotype has the highest probability of showing up on the offspring.
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Amino acids are the building blocks or proteins.
Define Amino Acids
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State a real world example of a mutation and explain if it has a negative, positive or neutral effect and why.
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It represented natural selection because the brown beans had the desirable trait (fur) to help them survive in the cold, snowy winters. The white beans had the undesirable trait (no fur). The frequency of the rabbits with fur increased, while the frequency of the rabbits without fur decreased. The desirable trait survived and reproduced, while the undesirable trait died off.
Explain how the natural selection lab we did using brown and white beans to represent rabbits represented natural selection.
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Top: Undesirable trait (short) dies off and doesn't reproduce. Desirable trait (tall) survives and is able to reproduce and create more desirable traits (more tall giraffes). Bottom: Undesirable trait (white) dies off and and doesn't reproduce. Desirable trait (black) survives and is able to reproduce.
Select one of the two images (top or bottom) and explain how it represents natural selection.
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