Tectonics | Rock cycle | Earthquakes | Water cycle | Hydrology |
---|---|---|---|---|
which "sphere" is where all geological interactions take place?
the lithosphere
|
What is weathering
breakdown of rocks and minerals through natural processes
|
Briefly describe every type of plate boundary
A convergent boundary is where two plates collide and can form mountains a divergent plate boundary is where two plates separate and can often cause valleys a transform plate boundary is where two plates constantly slide against one another slowly or it can happen suddenly
|
What is the water cycle
The Continuous movement and stages of the recycling of water in the environment
|
What is the main makeup of aquifers
Aquifers usually reside underground under semi permeable rocks that are usually sedimentary this allows for the water to infiltrate and be stored as fresh clean water underneath rivers or in floodplains
|
What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rock
intrusive cools inside areas in volcanoes while extrusive cools on the earths surface
|
What is erosion
transport of broken down sediment through water bodies or runoff
|
Give one example of a transform plate boundary in the real world
San Andreas Fault
|
Why is the specific heat of water so important
It make sure that water doesn't boil or freeze too easily and allows for it to maintain its liquid state in a flexible temperature range this make sure that all life has ready access to it
|
Why is water important to humans
Water is used every day to clean cook and not just for domestic uses but industrial uses such as cooling down plants and also air conditioning sustaining life and agriculture
|
What is a convergent boundary
where two plates collide
|
How can sedimentary rock become metamorphic rock
Through millions of years of heat and pressure
|
What is the epicenter of an earth quake, focus?
focus is where it truly starts, the epicenter is the point on the surface directly above the focus
|
What happens after water vapor forms into a cloud and the cloud starts to contain or collect too much of it
Precipitation occurs and water vapor starts to fall in the form of rain
|
Why would farmers in ancient times plant in floodplains
Floodplains are extremely fertile sources of soil as silt and Clay deposits from Rivers will flood onto the land on the sides of the river
|
What is the difference between a divergent and transform
divergent separates into two while transform simply slides across one another
|
Briefly describe the rock cycle and all its steps
Igneous rock is shot out of a volcano or cools down inside of it once it is cooled off it is an igneous rock that igneous rock is in weather down and eroded and Ken sediment and come backed into a sedimentary rock over millions of years these sedimentary rocks are then pressurized and heated and compacted until they create metamorphic rocks these metamorphic rocks then melt into magma which then repeats the cycle of going into the mantle and pack out of a volcano and cooling down to create an igneous rock
|
What are the fastest Body Waves that reach the seismograph first
P waves
|
What is one way that plants directly give water back to the atmosphere
Transpiration
|
Can freshwater be mined if so how
Freshwater can be Mind by breaking down ice
|
What are pyroclastic flows and what type of volcanoes do they errupt from
waves of dense and destructive hot ash, composite or strato volcanoes
|
What is the only kind of rocks that can carry natural history and fossils
Sedimentary
|
Briefly describe the three steps to finding the epicenter of an earthquake
Three seismographs need to be used and they need to be at three separate locations recording Both the p-wave and the swave need to be recorded Figure out the time difference between the p and the S Wave Next a graph must be plotted between all of the six points that were recorded meaning the p in the S waves on all three seismographs if you already have one line that means you took the subtracted time between both if not then you need to graph a line for the p and the S Wave The data from the graph now needs to be plotted on to a map this can be done by using the distances on the graph as the radii of the three circles wherever they overlap is the approximate location of the epicenter
|
Why is infiltration important to the environment
It creates freshwater in the ground which is then readily available for plants to use and it also is absorbed into aquifers
|
How much of the Earth's water is freshwater that is usable
1%
|