Microbiology Spectrum of Activity Mechanisms of Action Antibiotic Monitoring/ADRs Common Pathogens
100
Gram negative = pink
Gram positive = purple
Gram _________ organisms stain pink under microbiologic staining.
100
Vancomycin, linezolid, daptomycin, doxycycline, ceftaroline, omadacycline, eravacycline, tigecycline, oritavancin, dalbavancin, delafloxacin
Agents that cover MRSA? List 3 for full credit
100
Beta lactams, vancomycin, daptomycin
Cell wall synthesis inhibitors?
100
Nephrotoxicity, skin reactions
Vancomycin
100
Strep pneumo, H.flu, Moraxella catarrhalis
Pneumonia Infections
200
Cocci: Streptococcus, staphylococcus, enterococcus
Rods: Clostridium, mycobacterium, Corynebacterium, listeria, actinomyces
Gram positive organisms? List 3 for full credit
200
Zosyn, cefepime, ceftazidime, meropenem, aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, cefedirocol
Agents that cover Pseudomonas? List 3 for full credit
200
Fluoroquinolones
Inhibit DNA gyrase/topoisomerase IV?
200
Lactic acidosis, myelosuppression, peripheral neuropathy, serotonin syndrome
Linezolid
200
Strep
Age > 50: listeria
Meningitis
300
Ecoli, Klebsiella, Morganella, Proteus, Providencia, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Serratia, haemophilus influenza
Gram negative organisms? List 3 for full credit
300
Vancomycin, metronidazole, fidaxomicin
Agents that cover Cdiff infections? List 1 for full credit
300
Bactrim
Inhibits folate synthesis?
300
Aortic aneursym, arthalgias, CNS effects/neuroexcitation, glucose dysregulation, hepatotoxicity, myasthenia gravis, peripheral neuropathy, phototoxicity, QT prolongation, tendon rupture
Fluoroquinolones
300
Staph, strep
Cellulitis
400
Positive: Actinomyces, Clostridium
Negative: Bacteroides
Anaerobic organisms? List 1 for full credit
400
Isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol
Agents that cover Mycoplasma tuberculosis?
400
Macrolides, clindamycin, linezolid
Inhibits protein synthesis via 50S subunit?
400
Bone growth suppression, esophageal injury, photosensitivity, skin hyperpigmentation
Tetracyclines
400
Staph, strep, EC, HACEK (Haemophilus aphrophilus, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella kingae)
Endocarditis
500
The cell wall of gram-positive bacteria is composed of thick layers peptidoglycan. The cell wall of gram-negative bacteria is composed of thin layers of peptidoglycan. In the gram staining procedure, gram-positive cells retain the purple colored stain.
Structural differences between gram positive and gram negative organisms?
500
KPC: fetroja, avycaz, recarbio, vabomere
MBL: fetroja
Agents that cover carbapenamse-resistant (CRE) gram negative organims?
500
Aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, tigecycline
Inhibits protein synthesis via 30S subunit?
500
Ceftriaxone, oxacillin, nafcillin, metronidazole, moxifloxacin, azithromycin, linezolid
Antibiotics that do NOT require renal adjustments
500
The main pathogens associated with community-acquired IAIs are Enterobacteriaceae (predominantly E coli ) and anaerobes, particularly Bacteroides fragilis. Healthcare-associated IAIs occur secondary to resistant nonfermenting gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter species, ESBL Klebsiella species, and E coli. Additionally, Enterobacter and Proteus species, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Candida organisms may also be present in healthcare-associated IAIs
Intra-abdominal infections






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