Rocks and minerals Dynamic crust Geologic history Measuring earth Astronomy
100
Which minerals contain the two most abundant elements by mass in Earth’s crust?
Amphibole and quartz
100
The innermost layer of the earth is thought to be made of solid iron. What is the name of this layer?
Inner core
100
What geologic event occurred most recently?
Initial opening of the Atlantic Ocean
100
The true shape of the earth is best described as a
Slightly oblate sphere
100
Which planet orbit around the sun is most nearly circular?
Venus
200
Which processes lead directly to the formation of igneous rock?
Melting and solidification
200
What causes tectonic plates to move?
Convection currents in the mantle
200
When did the Jurassic period end?
144 million years ago
200
At which location would an observer find the greatest force caused by the earth’s gravity?
North Pole
200
One factor responsible for the strength of gravitational attraction between a planet and the sun is the
Distance between the planet and the sun
300
Which rock is composed of the mineral halite that formed when seawater evaporated?
Rock salt
300
Earths solid, rocky surface is the
Crust
300
A well was drilled in Syracuse, New York. The first bedrock layer reached by the drill formed during which period?
Silurian
300
Which object best represents a true scale model of the shape of the earth?
A Ping pong ball
300
The modern heliocentric model of planetary motion states that the planets travel around
The sun in slightly elliptical orbits
400
Which two rocks have the most similar composition?
Granite and Phyllite
400
What is the minimum number of seismograph stations needed to locate an earthquake epicenter?
3
400
Geologists have subdivided geologic time into periods that are based on
Fossil evidence
400
The polar circumference of the earth is 40,008 kilometers. What is the equatorial circumference?
40,076
400
Which planet has a density that is less than the density of liquid water?
Mercury
500
Which type of rock is most likely to contain fossils?
Shale
500
Which wave can only go through solids?
Secondary
500
During which of the following geologic periods did trilobites exist?
Devonian
500
As an observer travels northward from New York State, the altitude of the north star
Increases directly with the latitude
500
Which planet has completed less than one orbit of the sun in the last 100 years?
Neptune






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