CO2 + H2O + Light --> C6H12O6 + O2

-Also know as substituting
-Simple change in one base of the gene sequence

Sugar + Phosphate + Nitrogenous Base

GREGOR MENDEL

Charles Darwin in 1859

Requires sunlight; uses the energy of light to break apart water molecules

Physical or chemical agent that causes damage or change to DNA

-The process of converting DNA to messenger RNA
-Takes place in the nucleus
-1st step in protein synthesis

Gametes= sex cells, called haploids
Somatic Cells= body cells, called diploids

Unity and Diversity

Do not require light; use the high-energy compounds and atoms produced during the light reactions to form glucose

-One or more bases are inserted or deleted
-Can make the DNA meaningless, can often result in a shorten protein

-The conversion of mRNA to an amino acid sequence

When a trait is controlled by 2 or more genes

-form of Homology
-studying embryos of different organisms for similarities

Forms glucose

-An entire section of DNA is reversed

-Nuclear/ Chromosomal DNA (from mom and dad)
-Mitochondrial DNA (inherited from mom only)

More than 2 alleles exist in a population for a given trait

Atmospheric Nitrogen into Nitrogen Ions

The process of capturing and transforming the energy of sunlight into chemical energy

Transversion Mutations occurs when a purine (A, G) is switched with a pyrimidine (C, T) or vice versa

Transition Mutations occurs when a purine (A, G) switches with another purine or when a pyrimidine (C, T) switches with another pyrimidine

-Transmit info from one generation to the next
-Provide blueprint for making proteins the same way every time

Type A
Type B
Type O
Type AB

One organism benefits, the other is not harmed