Fundamentals of Safety Circuits X- Rays Radiation Protection Random
100
As Low As Reasonably Reachable
What does ALARA stand for?
100
Farad
C=Q/V
What is the unit of capacitance?
100
Scatter radiation and Leakage Radiation
What are the two forms of secondary radiation?
100
Collimation, Filtration, High-kVp Technique...
Name at least two methods of saving the patient from unnecessary radiation?
100
Morbidly Obese and Physical Limitations
Any patient with a body mass index of 30 are ___
Technologists should be familiar with the _______ of equipment.
200
1
The Relative Biological Effectiveness of diagnostic x-ray is?
200
mA x Time x kVp
What is the formula to calculate heat units?
200
Anode side
During the Anode heel effect, the ____ side of the x-ray tube absorbed parts of the primary beam.
200
Shadow Shields, Contact Shields, and Shaped Shields
What are three different types of patient shields?
200
Optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters
what is the most accurate type of dosimeter?
300
A magnified image is less distorted and makes small details easier to see, but comes at the cost of increased radiation exposure to the patient.
What does magnification mode do during fluoroscopy studies?
300
Measures the x-ray tube current
What is the purpose of the Ammeter?
300
Characteristic interaction
What type of target interaction only occurs above 70 kVp?
300
Lead Gloves and Lead Drapes
What pieces of equipment must be .25 mm of lead equivalent in terms of shielding?
300
Digital Fluoroscopy
Which type of fluoroscopy system utilizes high mA technique?
400
Tissue is more sensitive to radiation when irradiated in the oxygenated state than when under anoxic or hypoxic conditions
What is the oxygen effect?
400
High-Voltage Section
Where is the mA meter within the x-ray system?
400
Space Charge Effect
The gathering of electrons that boil together at the filament is called the?
400
90%
How much does male gonad shields reduce exposure by?
400
Lymphoid Tissue
The most radiosensitive tissue type in the human body is?
500
Metabolic activity/Proliferation rate and age of the cell
What is the physical factors that affect radiosensitivity in different cells?
500
3,400-10,000
What is the range that high speed anodes spin at?
500
What are the fundamental properties of x-rays?Highly Penetrating invisible rays
Electronically neutral
Polyenergetic
Liberate minute amounts of heat
Travels in straight lines
Travels at the speed of light
Ionize gases indirectly
Causes fluorescence of certain crystals
Can not be focused by a lens
Affects photographic film
Produces chemical and biological changes
Produces secondary and scattered radiation
What are the fundamental properties of x-rays?
500
Stationary - Never less than 38 cms / 15 inches
Mobile - Never less than 30 cms / 12 inches
What is the minimum SSD of stationary and mobile fluoroscopes?
500
Whole Body - 50 mSv/yr
Lens of Eye - 150 mSv/yr
Extremities - 500 mSv/yr
Skin - 500 mSv/yr
What is the dose equivalent limits for
Whole Body, Lens of the Eye, Extremities, and Skin?






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