Sentencing Options | Purposes of punishment | Serious crimes | Trial By Jury | 5th and 6th Amendments |
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What is a fine?
when the defendant is required to pay the government an amount of money set by the court
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What is a presentence report?
this is prepared by the probation department and contains a recommended sentence for the defendant
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What is capital punishment?
another term for death penalty
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What is voir dire?
screening process in which opposing lawyers question prospective jurors to ensure as favorable or as fair a jury as possible
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What is immunity?
protection form some action such as being sued or prosecuted
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What is work release?
when the defendant is allowed to work in the community but must return to prison on nights and weekends
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What is retribution?
punishment given as a kind a revenge for wrongdoing; "an eye for an eye"
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What is parole?
release from prison before the full sentence has been served
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What is for-cause challenge?
a lawyer's request that a potential juror be eliminated for some specific reason
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What is indigent?
term used to describe a defendant who does not have the financial means to hire an attorney
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What is restitution?
when the defendant is required to pay a sum of money to the victim to make up for whatever loss or injury was caused by the crime
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What is deterrence?
reason for punishing criminals to discourage them from committing another crime in the future and to serve as an example to deter others from committing similar crimes
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What are aggravating circumstances?
factors that suggest the defendant deserves a more sever punishment
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What is a peremptory challenge?
a lawyer may use this to dismiss a juror without giving a reason
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What is double jeopardy?
term used to describe that a defendant may not be prosecuted a second time for the same srime
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What is a suspended sentence?
when the defendant is given a sentence but it doesn't have to be served unless he/she rearrested on another charge or violates a condition of probation.
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What is rehabilitation?
goal of punishment to help convicted person change their behavior so they can lead a useful and productive life after their release
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What are mitigating circumstances?
factors that suggest the defendant deserves a less severe punishment
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What is subpoena?
a court order to appear in court or turn over documents on a specified date and time
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Who is appellant?
person who signs or files an appeal
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What is probation?
when the defendant is released but is under the supervision of a probation officer after agreeing to meet certain conditions such as getting a job, staying drug free, etc
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What is incapacitation?
separating the offender from the community so that the offender does not pose a threat to the safety of the community
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What is reentry?
a program created by the US Department of Justice designed to reduce serious crime committed by ex-offenders
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What is contempt of court?
any act to embarrass, hinder, or obstruct the court in the administration of justice
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What is habeas corpus?
Latin for "you have the body"
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