1. Rickets is caused by a deficiency in what?
a. Vitamin A
b. Vitamin C
c. Folic acid and iron
d. Vitamin D and calcium

What factor is most important in predisposing toddlers to frequent infections?
a. Respirations are abdominal.
b. Pulse and respiratory rates in toddlers are slower than those in infants.
c. Defense mechanisms are less efficient than those during infancy.
d. Toddlers have short, straight internal ear canals and large lymph tissue.

In terms of fine motor development, what should the 3-year-old child be expected to do?
a. Tie shoelaces.
b. Copy (draw) a circle.
c. Use scissors or a pencil very well.
d. Draw a person with seven to nine parts.

What statement accurately describes physical development during the school-age years?
a. The childs weight almost triples.
b. Muscles become functionally mature.
c. Boys and girls double strength and physical capabilities.
d. Fat gradually increases, which contributes to childrens heavier appearance.

. Parents are concerned that their 6-year-old son continues to occasionally wet the bed. What does the nurse explain?
a. This is likely because of increased stress at home.
b. Enuresis usually ceases between 6 and 8 years of age.
c. Drug therapy will be prescribed to treat the enuresis.
d. Testing will be necessary to determine what type of kidney problem exists.

2. Which factors will decrease iron absorption and should not be given at the same time as an iron supplement?
a. Milk
b. Fruit juice
c. Multivitamin
d. Meat, fish, poultry

What do the psychosocial developmental tasks of toddlerhood include?
a. Development of a conscience
b. Recognition of sex differences
c. Ability to get along with age mates
d. Ability to delay gratification

. According to Piaget, magical thinking is the belief of which?
a. Thoughts are all powerful.
b. God is an imaginary friend.
c. Events have cause and effect.
d. If the skin is broken, the insides will come out.

An 8-year-old girl tells the nurse that she has cancer because God is punishing her for being bad. What should the nurse interpret this as?
a. A common belief at this age
b. Indicative of excessive family pressure
c. Faith that forms the basis for most religions
d. Suggestive of a failure to develop a conscience

The nurse is assisting the family of a child with a history of encopresis. What should be included in the nurses discussion with the family?
a. Instruct the parents to sit the child on the toilet at twice-daily routine intervals.
b. Instruct the parents that the child will probably need to have daily enemas.
c. Suggest the use of stimulant cathartics weekly.
d. Reassure the family that most problems are resolved successfully, with some relapses during periods of stress.

9. Which term refers to the relative lactase deficiency observed in preterm infants of less than 34 weeks of gestation?
a. Congenital lactase deficiency
b. Primary lactase deficiency
c. Secondary lactase deficiency
d. Developmental lactase deficiency

3. The developmental task with which the child of 15 to 30 months is likely to be struggling is a sense of which?
a. Trust
b. Initiative
c. Intimacy
d. Autonomy

A 4-year-old child tells the nurse that she doesnt want another blood sample drawn because I need all of my insides and I dont want anyone taking them out. What is the nurses best interpretation of this?
a. The child is being overly dramatic.
b. The child has a disturbed body image.
c. Preschoolers have poorly defined body boundaries.
d. Preschoolers normally have a good understanding of their bodies.

What is the role of the peer group in the life of school-age children?
a. Decreases their need to learn appropriate sex roles
b. Gives them an opportunity to learn dominance and hostility
c. Allows them to remain dependent on their parents for a longer time
d. Provides them with security as they gain independence from their parents

What is an important consideration in the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
a. Learning disabilities are apparent at an early age.
b. The child will always be distracted by external stimuli.
c. Parental observations of the childs behavior are most relevant.
d. It must be determined whether the childs behavior is age appropriate or problematic.

16. What is most descriptive of atopic dermatitis (AD) (eczema) in an infant?
a. Easily cured
b. Worse in humid climates
c. Associated with hereditary allergies
d. Related to upper respiratory tract infections

5. A 17-month-old child should be expected to be in which stage, according to Piaget?
a. Preoperations
b. Concrete operations
c. Tertiary circular reactions
d. Secondary circular reactions

Which type of play is most typical of the preschool period?
a. Team
b. Parallel
c. Solitary
d. Associative

What is descriptive of the social development of school-age children?
a. Identification with peers is minimum.
b. Children frequently have best friends.
c. Boys and girls play equally with each other.
d. Peer approval is not yet an influence for the child to conform.

A 9-year-old child has just been diagnosed with recurrent abdominal pain (RAP). In preparing for discharge, the nurse should include what in the home care instructions to the parents?
a. Following a high-fiber diet
b. Using stimulant laxatives
c. Using ice packs on the abdomen when pain occurs
d. Sitting on the toilet for 30 minutes after each meal

The community health nurse is reviewing risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. Which children are at high risk for vitamin D deficiency? (Select all that apply.)
a. Children with fair pigmentation
b. Children who are overweight or obese
c. Children who are exclusively bottle fed
d. Children with diets low in sources of vitamin D
e. Children of families who use milk products not supplemented with vitamin D

2. A parent asks the nurse, When will I know my child is ready for toilet training? The nurse should include what in the response? (Select all that apply.)
a. The child should be able to stay dry for 1 hour.
b. The child should be able to sit, walk, and squat.
c. The child should have regular bowel movements.
d. The child should express a willingness to please.

1. What developmental achievements are demonstrated by a 4-year-old child? (Select all that apply.)
a. Cares for self totally
b. Throws a ball overhead
c. Has a vocabulary of 1500 words
d. Can skip and hop on alternate feet
e. Tends to be selfish and impatient
f. Commonly has an imaginary playmate

The school nurse is teaching female school-age children about the average age of puberty. What is the average age of puberty for girls?
a. 10 years
b. 11 years
c. 12 years
d. 13 years
ANS: C

What is characteristic of children with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
a. Denial as a defense mechanism is unusual.
b. Traumatic effects cannot remain indefinitely.
c. Previous coping strategies and defense mechanisms are not useful.
d. Children often play out the situation over and over again.