| Pathways/Tracts | SCI Syndromes | Syndromes | Meninges, Spaces and Ventricles | Circulation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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What is the posterior column medial leminiscus tract?
This pathway travels through the posterior column and irresponsible for proprioception, vibration, and joint position sense.
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What is a transverse lesion?
The client has no sensation or motor function below T2.
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What is paresthesia?
This phenomena occurs when there is a sensory lesion but an individual will present with added sensation of tingling or burning.
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What is Pia mater, Arachnoid, and Dura mater.
What are the layers of the meninges from deep to superficial
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What is posterior circulation and anterior circulation?
What are the two divisions of the circle of willis?
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What is the pyramidal decussation at the cervicomedullay junction.
The anterolateral corticospinal tract
This is where the Lateral Corticospinal tract decussates.
And which tract is created? |
What is anterior cord syndrome?
This SCI syndrome may be caused by occlusion to the anterior spinal artery.
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Right PCA
Client presents with ONLY L. sided homonymous hemianopsia.
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What is the dura mater?
This layer of meninges contain the falx cerebri and tentorium cereblli.
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What is the 2 posterior spinal arteries feed 1/3 of spinal cord and the anterior spinal artery feeds 2/3 of the spinal cord?
These arteries supply the spinal cord.
(give the portions of the spinal cord supplied by each) |
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What is the
Spinothalamic tract: painful stimulus (something sharp is puncturing my foot) Spinorecticular tract: emotion of "ouch that hurts" Spinomesencephalic tract: pain modulation "aah that feels better"
These are the three tracts in the Anterolateral Pathway and what part of sensation they are responsible.
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What is a Central Cord Large Lesion?
This SCI syndrome damages the anterior horn causing LMN deficits at the level of lesion
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What is oligodendrocytes and their myelin sheaths are attacked leading to scarring/plaques on the myelin sheath.
Explain what happens in MS.
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What is the epidural space?
This space is where the middle meningeal artery runs.
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What is the vertebral artery and basilar artery?
These two arteries are in the posterior circulation and all the arteries in the posterior circulation branch off of these two.
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What are the rubrospinal tract, anterior corticospinal tract, medial vestibulospinal tract, and tectospinal cord?
These motor pathways end at the cevical spinal cord.
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What is a Hemicord Lesion or Brown-Sequard Syndrome?
This client has ipsilateral vibration and position sense loss and contralateral pain and temperature loss.
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What is a Left MCA infarct?
Client presents with Global aphasia, R. hemiplegia, R. hemianesthesia, R. homonymous hemianopsia and L. gaze preference.
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2 Lateral Ventricles: one in each hemisphere and in all lobes of brain
Third Ventricle - surrounded by thalamus Fourth ventricle - between brainstem: pons/medulla and the cerebellum
How many ventricles are there and where are they located?
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What is a rupture of the bridging vein in potential space between dura and skull.
Chronic: in elderly pts. when their brain shrinks and more space creates higher shearing force Acute: caused by high impact force
What is a subdural hematoma and explain the two types.
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What is first orders neuron enters the dorsal root, enters ipsilateral posterior column, travels length of spinal cord, and synapse on 2nd neuron in caudal medulla.
Second order neuron decussates via the internal accurate fibers (in the medulla), travels in the medial leminiscus, synapes with third order neuron in VPL of thalamus. Third order neuron starts in the VPL, goes through posterior limb of internal capsule and has a final synapse on appropriate area of homunculus in somatosensory cortex.
List the pathway of the Posterior Column Medial Leminiscus Pathway including first, second and third order neuron.
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What is the central cord small lesion, spinothalamic tract, and client would present with suspended sensory loss to pain and temperature.
This lesion affect the anterior commissure and parts of the dorsal column.
Which the name of the lesion, what pathway is affected, and what are the symptoms? |
What are contralateral deficits, discriminative touch and joint position severely effected and cortical sensory loss.
Tests for discrimination and joint position are: joint position test, two point discrimination test Test for Cortical sensory loss are: graphesthesia, stereogensis, and extinction
What would an individual with a primary somatosensory cortex lesion present with?
What neuro tests can we used to assess these? |
What is produced by choroid plexus, lateral ventircles, foramen of monro or intraventricular foramen, third ventricle, cerebral aqueduct, fourth ventricle, out of the foramen of lusaka and magendie, spinal cord and around the brain at subarachnoid space and CSF is reabsorbed by arachnoid granulations into the blood stream.
List the flow of CSF.
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What is Posterior circulation:
- Off of vertebral artery: Anterior spinal artery, 2 posterior spinal arteries, Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) - Off of Basilar artery: Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA), Superior Cerebellar artery (SCA), Posterior cerebral artery Anterior Circulation: - Off of Internal carotid artery: Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA), Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA) - Posterior Communicating Artery (PComm) - Anterior Communicating Artery (AComm)
List out the Circle of Willis divided by anterior and Posterior circulation.
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