Anatomy Neurons Ion Channels Action Potentials Synapses & Neurotransmitters
100
What are the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes?
These are the four lobes of the cortex.
100
What are the dendrites, soma, axon, and nerve terminal?
These are the four parts of a neuron.
100
What are sodium and chloride?
These ions are more concentrated outside the cell than inside the cell.
100
What are initiation, the rising phase, the falling phase, the undershoot, and the return to rest?
These are the five steps of an action potential (in order).
100
What are chemical synapses?
This is the most common type of synapse in the nervous system.
200
What is the parietal lobe?
This lobe of the cortex is important for the sense of touch.
200
What is an astrocyte?
This type of glial cell forms the blood brain barrier.
200
What are active channels?
This type of channel uses ATP to push ions against their concentration gradient.
200
What are voltage-gated potassium channels?
This is the channel that is open during the falling phase.
200
What is calcium?
This is the cation that enters the nerve terminal when an action potential reaches the end of the axon.
300
What is the hippocampus?
This structure is part of the forebrain and is involved in long-term memory storage.
300
What is an interneuron?
This type of neuron has its soma in one place and its axon terminal nearby.
300
What is the membrane potential?
This term refers to the charge of the inside of the cell relative to the outside of the cell.
300
What is summation?
This term describes action potentials "piggy-backing" on each other.
300
What is acetylcholine?
This is the neurotransmitter that is important for skeletal muscle control.
400
What is the pons?
This structure is part of the hindbrain and is involved in sleep and posture.
400
What is excitability?
This term describes a neuron's ability to receive and send signals (action potentials).
400
What is the equilibrium potential?
This term refers to the concentration of a specific ion inside the cell relative to outside the cell.
400
What is the absolute refractory period?
This is the period when a neuron cannot fire another action potential because voltage-gated sodium channels are inactivated.
400
What are reuptake, breakdown by an enzyme, and diffusion.
These are the three things that can happen to neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft when it doesn't bind to the post-synaptic membrane.
500
What is the tegmentum?
This structure is part of the midbrain and is involved in motor coordination.
500
What are Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes?
These types of glial cells surround the axons of neurons and form a substance called myelin.
500
What is -90 mV?
This is the equilibrium potential of potassium.
500
What are conductance and driving force?
These are the two factors that contribute to current (I).
500
What are SNARE proteins?
These are the vesicle membrane proteins that intertwine with cell membrane proteins before the vesicle fuses with the membrane.






Neuro Review 8/21

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