Clinical Manifestations | Diagnosis/Evaluation | Therapy | Nursing Care |
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What is osteoporosis
Characterized by low bone mass with microarchitectural disruption and skeletal fragility
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What is bone mineral density
Gold standard to diagnose osteoporosis
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What is vitamin D
Most people in New England are deficient in this fat soluble vitamin
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What is weight bearing exercise
Nurse should recommend perform 30 minutes of this activity 3-5 times per week
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What is back pain
The most common site of the pain of osteoporosis
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What is DXA scan
most commonly used technology for determining bone density
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What is calcium
mineral that a postmenopausal women should take everyday or increase her dietary intake of
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What is dietary teaching
nurse instructs client to eat calcium rich foods
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What is bone mineral density
peaks between ages 18-30 yrs
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What is T score
it is the standard deviation difference between a patients bone mineral density and that of a young adult reference population
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What are bisphosphonates
treatment for postmenopausal women with a history of hip or vertebral fracture with osteoporosis
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What is bone loss
excessive caffeine, alcohol, smoking, and carbonated beverages cause this
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what are expected findings
2 inch loss in height, BMI of 21, kyphotic curve in thoracic spine, and lactose intolerance
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What is z score
comparison of the patients bone mineral density to an age matched population
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What is selective estrogen receptor modulator
class that increases bone mineral density and reduces the risk of fracture in postmenopausal women
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What is supine position
nurse places the client in this position following vertebroplasty of the thoracic spine
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What are risk factors
55 year old post menopausal client takes prednisone for asthma, takes phenytoin for seizures, has a sedentary lifestyle, and smoked for 10 years
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What is osteopenia
the term for a T score that is 1-2.5 SD below the young adult mean
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What is Calcitonin
hormone secreted by the thyroid gland that inhibits osteoclast activity and stimulates calcium uptake by the bones
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What is discharge teaching
client with osteoporosis prepares to go home nurse instructs him/her to remove throw rugs in walkways, remove clutter from the environment, walk with cautions on icy surfaces, and maintain lighting of doorway areas
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