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What is transposition of the great arteries?
For this kid, we will give PGE1 (Alprostadil) to maintain PDA patency until surgery can be done.
Newborn with Type 1 diabetic mother is cyanotic at birth and does not improve with O2. CXR shows "egg on a string." How would you treat this kid in the meantime?
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What is congenital diaphragmatic hernia?
Biggest concern: pulmonary hypoplasia; lung development is hampered because abdominal contents are coming in the intrathoracic cavity
Baby is born w/ respiratory distress, scaphoid abdomen, and stomach bubble seen in left thorax.
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What is Tetralogy of Fallot?
4 components: PS, VSD, RVH, Overriding of the aorta Tx: O2 support, knee-chest position, surgery
2y/o child who gets cyanotic and hyperpnea while playing, resolves with squatting down. CXR shows "boot-shaped heart."
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What is Respiratory Distress Syndrome?
32 wk premie has dyspnea, RR of 80, with nasal flaring. CXR shows ground glass opacities with air-bronchograms and atelectasis. Dx? Tx?
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What is Ebstein's anomaly?
Due to lithium use; Triscupid insufficiency due to TV displacement into the RV
Bipolar woman gives birth to a child w/ holosystolic murmur worse on inspiration.
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What is coarctation of the aorta?
TS is also commonly associated with bicuspid aortic valve and horseshoe kidney. Presents as primary amenorrhea, lack of breast development, short stature, high FSH among others. Tx: estrogen replacement for secondary sex characteristics and to prevent osteoporosis.
Female with PMH of Turner's syndrome presents with decreased femoral pulses, CXR with “notching” at inferior rib border due to increased collaterals. Diagnosis? What else should you be worried about in this kid?
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What is Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Murmur that improves with inc preload (because it lessens the obstruction) and worsens with dec preload
15 year-old athlete complains of occasional palpations angina and dizziness. Last week, he fainted during the 1st quarter of his basketball game. Physical exam reveals systolic murmur, softer with squat and handgrip, louder with Valsalva and standing.
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