| Conversion/Physical Constants | Famous Scientists | Repetitio est mater studiorum | Variation and Proportion | Waves |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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5280 ft
How many feet are in a mile?
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Who is Johannes Kepler
German astronomer and mathematician of the late 16th and early 17th centuries, known as the founder of celestial mechanics.
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1st: An object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion continues moving in a straight line at at constant speed, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces acting on it.
2nd: F=m/a (the acceleration of an object is proportional to the force acting on it) 3rd: For every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force.
What are Newton's 3 laws?
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Fw= m x g
Fw varies directly with mass
In the weight equation, how does the weight of an object vary with respect to mass?
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A wave is a disturbance in space and time that carries energy from one place to another.
What is a wave?
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3.00 x 10^8 m/s
What is the speed of light?
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Who was Copernicus
Lived 1473-1543. Polish astronomer who was the first to formulate a scientifically based heliocentric cosmology that displaced the earth from the center of the universe. This theory is considered the epiphany that began the Scientific Revolution.
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-Change, corruption, and imperfection only exist on earth
-Bodies revolve around earth -Each body (7) had its own sphere 1. Moon 2. Mercury 3. Venus 4. Sun 5. Mars 6. Jupiter 7. Saturn 8. Firmament: space containing stars 9. Primum Mobile: sphere that moved to give all spheres motion Empyrean: beyond, spheres, where god lived -All spheres revolve around earth every 24 hrs -Epicycles explain retrograde motion
State the details of the Ptolemaic model.
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v = d/t
velocity varies inversely with time
In the equation for velocity, how does velocity vary with time?
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Reflection, refraction, dispersion, diffraction, resonance, interference
Name the 6 types of wave interactions.
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3 ft = 1 yard
How many feet are in 1 yard?
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Who was Sir Isaac Newton
British scientist who defined the laws of motion, discovered gravity, experimented with optics, invented differential calculus and wrote "Principia"
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The explanatory variable is the variable that is deliberately manipulated by the researchers. As it is manipulated, the researchers monitor the effect this variation has on the response variable. Usually only one explanatory variable is manipulated at a time so that researchers can definitively tell what its effect is on the response variable. A lurking variable is a variable that is affecting the response variable without the researchers being aware of it. Researchers have to study their experimental projects very carefully to minimize the possibility of lurking variables affecting their results.
Distinguish between explanatory variables, response variables, and lurking variables.
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force varies inversely with the square of distance
In the equation F = G x (m1 x m2)/d^2), how does force relate to distance (d)
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Infrasonic: frequency less than 20Hz, which is a frequency lower than what a human can hear
Ultrasonic: frequency less than 20kHz, which is a frequency higher than what a human can hear
Define infrasonic and ultrasonic sound waves
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1/100 or 10^-2
How is centi (c) represented as a fraction or power of 10
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Who was Alessandro Volta
Invented the Voltaic Pile in 1800. This was a stack of metals that generated voltage and was the predecessor to the battery
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The terms accuracy and precision refer to the limitations inherent in making measurements. Accuracy relates to error, which is the difference between a measured value and a true value; the lower the error, the higher the accuracy. Precision refers to the resolution or degree of “fine-ness” in a measurement. The limit to the precision that can be obtained in a measurement is ultimately dependent on the instrument being used to make the measurement. Precision in a measurement is indicated by the number of significant digits.
Distinguish between accuracy and precision.
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the kinetic energy varies as the square of its velocity
Ek = 1/2mv^2
Describe the variation of the kinetic energy of an object with respect to its velocity.
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ROY G BiV
State the 6 main colors in the visible light spectrum in order from lowest frequency to highest
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1,000,000 or 10^6
How is mega (M) represented as a multiple?
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Who was James Clerk Maxwell
In 1864 he came up with Maxwell's Equations, four simple equations that explain all magnetic and electrical phenomena in the universe
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1. Planets orbit in ellipses with the sun at one focus
2. A line drawn from the sun to a planet for an equal amount of time will trace out an equal area in space no matter where the planet is 3. The orbits of any two planets are related as follows: (T1/T2)^2 = (R1/R2)^3 where T1 and T2 are the planets' orbital periods, and R1 and R2 are their mean distances from the sun.
What are Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion?
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the kinetic energy of an object varies directly with mass
Ek = 1/2mv^2
Describe the variation of the kinetic energy of an object with respect to its mass.
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The period is the length of time required for a wave to complete one complete cycle. The frequency is the number of complete cycles the waves completes per second.
Using words and not equations, distinguish between the period and frequency of a wave.
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