Cell Division/Differentiation

Slows plant growth, antagonizes actions of growth hormones, Prevents seeds dispersed in autumn from germinating immediately, causes stomata to close reducing transpiration and preventing further water loss

response to stresses such as drought, flooding, mechanical pressure, injury, and infection, during fruit ripening and programmed cell death and in response to high concentrations of externally applied auxin

Enables the shoot to avoid the obstacle

Loss of leaves from deciduous trees during seasonal periods when there is a limited availability of water to the roots

Auxin

Slows plant growth, antagonizes actions of growth hormones, Prevents seeds dispersed in autumn from germinating immediately, causes stomata to close reducing transpiration and preventing further water loss

response to stresses such as drought, flooding, mechanical pressure, injury, and infection
Also produced during fruit ripening and programmed cell death and in response to high concentrations of externally applied auxin

Slowing of stem elongation

Ethylene

Plant Hormones

Drought Tolerance

response to mechanical stress, senescence, leaf abscission and fruit ripening, triple response

Thickening of the stem

The programmed death of certain cells or organs or the entire plant

Tissues (roots, fruits, embryos)

Drought Tolerance and Seed Dormancy

response to mechanical stress, senescence, leaf abscission and fruit ripening, triple response

Curvature that causes stem to grow horizontally

Brassinosteroids, Jasmonates, Strigolactones