This researcher concluded that politics and federal bureaucracy hindered the implementation of compensatory education programs.

The major actors in the implementation arena.

A committee that includes administrators, teachers, parents, support staff, community representatives, and local government officials.

This researcher argued that most education reforms fail because reformers do not take school culture into account.

Government officials who have legal authority to see that a policy is put into effect.

Being prepared to revise a plan as the project evolves.

These researchers challenged the view that the educational policies put in place during the War on Poverty had no impact on schools.

Implementers to whom the formal implementers delegate the responsibility to help with implementation.

A technique for identifying implementation needs ahead of time.

This researcher found great variation in the quality of implementation in the study of 40 schools.

Involves changes in both the implementers’ behavior and in the details of the policy design.
What is scaling up?

Representatives of two key stakeholders groups.

These researchers studied the impact of participation in this network on the scaling up of Success For All.

The deliberate expansion to many settings of an externally-developed school-restructuring design that previously has been used successfully in one or a small number of school setting.

Money, time, personnel, space, equipment and material.