Nervous System | More Nervous System | Brains | More Brains | Genes, Evolution, and Behavior |
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What are dendrites?
Receiving end of a neuron.
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What are neurotransmitters?
Chemical messengers of the nervous system.
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What is the brainstem?
The oldest part of the brain responsible for basic life functions.
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What is the hypothalamus?
Controls the pituitary gland.
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What is deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?
Genes are composed of this chemical code.
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What is an action potential?
Electrical charge that travels down the axon that is all-or-none.
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What is the sympathetic nervous system?
The part of our autonomic nervous system that activates under stress, related to "fight or flight."
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What is a functional MRI (fMRI)?
Imaging technology that allows us to see what parts of the brain function during a mental task using magnetic fields.
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What is the amygdala?
Activated by emotion, particularly when we are scared or angry.
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What are monozygotic twins (identical)?
This type of twin is helpful in studying genes and behavior because they are the exact same genetically.
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What is GABA?
A major inhibitory neurotransmitter; without it seizures may occur.
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What is dopamine?
Too much of this chemical messenger is related to Schizophrenia and not enough is related to Parkinson's disease.
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What is the thalamus?
Part of the brain that receives sensory information and sends it to be processed in other parts.
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What is the hippocampus?
When you are studying this part of your brain helps you remember.
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What is natural selection?
"Survival of the fittest" describes this principle.
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What are sesory neurons (afferent)?
Neurons that carry signals to the brain from the body.
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What is the endocrine system?
Not the nervous system, but the body's slow chemical messenger system.
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What is the corpus callosum?
Weird things happen when this is severed and the two hemispheres of our brain can't communicate.
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What is the cerebellum?
"It's like riding a bike," the part of your brain that stores this type of memory.
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What is epigenetics?
Changes to how our genes are expressed based on our environment.
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What is an agonist?
A drug that blocks the reuptake of a neurotransmitter (e.g., SSRIs) is considered this.
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What is the somatic nervous system?
The part of our nervous system that activates our skeletal muscles.
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What is the frontal lobe?
When Phineas Gage experienced a brain injury to this part, people noticed personality changes.
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What are association areas?
Parts of the brain that do not have a specific function and are used differently in people based on experience.
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What is adaptive flexibility?
This inherited ability has allowed humans to survive and thrive in different places in the world.
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