Physical and mental symptoms that occur after stopping or reducing intake of a drug.

A drug that impairs immune cell function and promotes reproduction of the HIV virus.

-condition affecting children born to alcohol-consuming mothers
characterized by:
-facial deformities
-growth deficiency
-mental retardation

A chronic, relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive (or difficult to control) drug seeking and use despite harmful consequences, as well as long-lasting changes in the brain.

The idea that drugs, such as marijuana, often lead to the use of more addictive drugs

Alcohol leads to unrestrained behavior, which is known as ________

Delusional or disordered thinking detached from reality; symptoms often include hallucinations.

The most common and convenient way of administering drugs.

1) Less able to metabolize alcohol (less of the metabolizing enzyme in the liver)
2) Women absorb the alcohol quicker (due to higher % of body fat)
3) Smaller body size

A brain chemical, classified as a neurotransmitter, found in regions of the brain that regulate movement, emotion, motivation, and reinforcement of rewarding behavior.

-CNS depressant
-less safe then benzodiazepines

Depends on:
-the presence of food in the stomach
-rate of alcohol consumption
-concentration of alcohol
-drinker's body composition

The front part of the brain responsible for reasoning, planning, problem solving, and other higher cognitive functions. This area of the brain is not fully mature until adulthood, which confers greater vulnerability to drug use on the adolescent brain.

the cause of overdose deaths which were 21,088 in 2010 to 47,600 in 2017 and remained steady in 2018 with 46,802 deaths.

-common occurrence in severe alcoholism
-caused by a reduced caloric intake and diminished consumption of essential nutrients