| Mineral Functions | Pregnancy Nutrition Needs | Pregnancy Warnings | Pregnancy Education | Infant Feeding |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Bone structure, energy transfer
Describe the main function of phosphorus.
|
25-35lbs
How much total weight gain is recommended for a woman in the normal weight range pre-pregnancy?
|
Limit to 12oz per week or 6oz albacore tuna due to potential contamination with mercury, which can impair fetal development. Avoid large fish such as shark, swordfish, king mackerel.
Evaluate the safety of fish for pregnant women.
|
Leafy greens, legumes, orange juice, avocados, whole or enriched grains
List suggested food sources of folate for pregnant women.
|
Yes. Starts as anti-body rich colostrum-->transitional milk-->mature milk in first few days of life. Composition of mature milk can vary based on infant's age, feeding pattern, antigen exposure.
Does breastmilk composition change over time? If so, how?
|
|
Antioxidant
Describe the main function of selenium.
|
3-5lbs total during 1st trimester, 1lb per week during 2nd and 3rd trimesters.
For a woman in the normal weight range pre-pregnancy, how should weight gain be distributed over time during pregnancy?
|
Limit to 200-300mg per day (2 cups of coffee or 3 sodas). Heavy use can impair growth, increase risk of fetal death.
Evaluate the safety of caffeine for pregnant women.
|
Meat, fish, poultry, eggs, milk, cheese, yogurt, legumes, nuts, seeds, soy products
List suggested food sources of protein for pregnant women.
|
6 months
Infants are generally recommended to begin eating solid foods at what age?
|
|
Enzymes, growth, taste, smell, wound healing, immune system
Describe the main function of zinc.
|
1st = none, 2nd = 340, 3rd = 450
How many extra calories are needed during the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy?
|
Safe if used in moderation as defined by FDA.
Evaluate the safety of non-nutritive sweeteners for pregnant women.
|
Fatty fish, dairy products, fortified foods (orange juice, plant milks, breakfast cereals)
List suggested food sources of vitamin D for pregnant women.
|
Burping during feeding, soothing techniques - swaddling, soft, repetitive sound and/or motion
Offer tips for colic in infants.
|
|
Maintains acid-base balance of the blood by picking up/dropping off hydrogens as needed
What is a pH buffer?
|
At least 175g/day
During pregnancy, what is the recommended daily intake of carbohydrate?
|
Cause = prenatal alcohol exposure
Symptoms = brain damage leading to behavioral and cognitive disabilities, facial abnormalities
Name the cause, symptoms of fetal alcohol syndrome.
|
Consume at least 28g fiber per day from whole grains, legumes, vegetables, fruit. Consume at least 10 cups of fluid per day. Engage in moderate physical activity.
Offer tips to address constipation in pregnant women.
|
Monitor for signs of dehydration, use oral rehydration solution as needed. Seek medical attention if not resolved in a few days.
Offer tips for diarrhea in infants.
|
|
Protein, minerals
Which nutrients serve as pH buffers?
|
Extra 25 g/day above DRI (0.8g/kg pre-pregnancy weight)
During pregnancy, what is the recommended daily intake of protein?
|
Hypertension, edema, protein in urine
Describe the symptoms of preeclampsia.
|
Improves circulation, respiration, mood, sleep, immune system; prevents excess weight gain; eases labor/delivery
What are the benefits of physical activity during pregnancy?
|
Exercise legs, massage tummy, give 1-2 ounces of juice to loosen stool. Seek medical attention if persistent.
Offer tips for constipation in infants.
|
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