the PPC shifts out proportionately so that its relative shape is the same

is a tax on importing a good or service into a country usually collected by customs officials at the place of entry

any policy used by the government to reduce imports, other than a simple tariff on imports

an odd-looking trade barrier in which the importing country government compels the foreign exporting country to agree "voluntarily" to restrict its exports to this country

the basic law that mandates that government-funded purchases favor domestic products

the expansion favors producing proportionately more of one of the products

a tax on the amount per unit of import

a limit on the total quantity of imports of a product allowed into the country during a period of time

this protects consumers and local producers and requires imports to meet certain requirements

gives the U.S. President the power to negotiate to eliminate "unfair trade practices" of foreign governments

only one factor is growing-growth in the country's endowment of one factor of production, with the other factor unchanged

a tax based on the percentage of the estimated market value of the goods when they reach the importing country

the government simply assigns the licenses to firms or individuals without competition, applications, or negotiation

mandates that a product produced and sold in a country must have a specified minimum amount of domestic production value, in the form of wages paid to local workers or materials and components produced with the country

the tariff that creates the largest net gain for the country imposing it

one whose trade does not affect the international price ratio

this area is a net national loss from the tariff

selling import licenses on a competitive basis to the highest bidder

stipulates that an importer or import distributor must buy a certain percentage of the product locally

the extra cost of shifting more expensive home production

one whose trade can have an impact on the relative international price ratio

government collects this area for revenue from a tariff

allocating quota licenses on a first-come, first-serve basis; on the basis of demonstrating need or worthiness; or on the basis of negotiation

biased against foreign products/nontariff barrier to imports

many governments buy local

the loss to consumers in the importing nation based on the reduction in their total consumption of bicycles