Anatomy of the Spinal Cords | Function of Spinal Cord | Cross-Sectional Anatomy and Spinal Tracts | Reflexes | Nerve |
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What is 31?
Number of vertebrae
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What is neural integration?
function where the spinal neurons receive, integrate, then execute the information
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What is white matter?
has an abundance of myelin
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What is a muscle spindle?
stretch receptors that inform the brain of muscle length and body movements
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What are sensory nerves?
nerves that are made of only efferent fibers
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What is dura mater?
Thick, tough collagenous membrane
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What is conduction?
bundles of nerve fibers conduct information through the spinal cord
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What are glial cells?
both white and gray matter contain this
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What is alpha motor neurons?
extrafusal fiber is supplied by spinal motor neurons called __________
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What is visceral fibers
fibers that innervate blood vessels, glands, and viscera
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What is L2 to S5?
A medullary cone is a bundle of nerve roots in the vertebral canal from _______
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What is locomotion
the function that helps us gain the repetitive, coordinated contractions to walk
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What is the central canal?
middle of the grey commissure
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What is a tendon reflex?
response to excessive tension on tendon
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What is epineurium?
Surrounds a bundle of fascicles that make up the nerve
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What is subarachnoid space?
the gap between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater
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What is reflexes?
It is the function that is important for posture, motor coordination, and protective responses
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What is a second-order neuron?
sends sensory signals from the spinal cord to the thalamus at the upper end of the brainstem
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What is a stretch reflex?
helps maintain equilibrium, posture, and smooth out muscle action
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What are ganglion?
cluster of neurosomas outside the CNS
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What is cauda equina?
innervates the pelvic organs and lower limbs
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What is central pattern generators?
group of neurons that cause repetitive muscle contractions that allows walking
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What is ipsilateral?
tract that does not decussate
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What is the polysynaptic reflex arc?
a pathway that signals travel over many synapses on the way back to the muscles
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What is ALS?
Occurs when the neurotransmitter glutamate is not reabsorbed from tissue fluid and it builds up to a neurotoxic level
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