A gratuity you leave your waiter, or extant and sometimes extinct organisms being compared.

The study of the interactions between organisms and their environment. Means "household" in Greek.

This biome has very high diversity and productivity and is the home of the jaguar.

The two ways populations grow.

Reinforcement is when populations come into contact, but isolation is maintained and this continues due to different reproductive isolating mechanisms.

These represent populations not individuals and are also a part of a plant.

Organismal ecology is how an individual organism’s structure, physiology, and behavior meet this.

This biome has moderate precipitation and has few trees and shrubs. Think Konza Prairie, Kansas.

Population is a group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area and interbreed, producing fertile offspring. It is therefore tied to this.

The formal name for this involves the combination of genes in hybrid offspring allowing them to occupy distinct habitats or use novel resources, they may form a new species.

All branches and tips derived from a given node. On a given tree, a bonobo, gorilla and human could all be in the same one!

Population ecology is the study of how populations change through time and the study of these that affect population change and population size.

"You're hot and you're cold, your productivity and diversity are low."

Change in N over change in T gets larger but decreases as it approaches this.

If one population or species is a better competitor for this, then the poorer competitor may be driven to extinction.

This represents an ancestor population which was a distinct species from any of extant species within the clade.

How species interactions, such as predation and competition, affect community structure and organization.

Average temperature is usually below freezing and permafrost is rampant.

Growth rate is most rapid at an intermediate population size because logistic growth is this.

Fusion takes place when reproductive isolating mechanisms are insufficient to prevent this, so the two populations become one.

The extra node added at the base and the most recent common ancestor for all organisms on the tree. Money is the this of all evil.

How energy flows in chemical cycles between organisms and their environment.

The taiga is dominated by coniferous trees and is sometimes called this.

The maximum population size that a particular environment can sustain.

With stability, gene flow is insufficient to join the two populations but there is occasional this.