These make up the three anatomical parts of the internal kidney.

These ducts transport urine to the urinary bladder.

These are the parts of the nephron located in the medulla cortex.

These control blood volume and concentration by removing selected amounts of water and solutes, remove waste, regulate blood pH, and stimulate red blood cell production.

This system controls blood volume.

This structure is named the Bowman's capsule, also known as the renal capsule.

This duct transports urine out of the body.

These are the parts of the nephron located on the renal medulla.

This causes fluid to filter from the blood, moving from the glomerulus into the nephron.

The renal arteries supply this amount of blood to the kidneys every minute.

Located on the kidney this gland is part of the endocrine system.

These vessels transport blood to the kidneys.

This is what the nephron empties urine into.

This process transports substances out of the tubular fluid and back into the blood flow.

A process of filtration controlled largely by blood pressure.

This is where urine production occurs.

~300 - 350 mL.

This limb of the nephron is highly permeable to water and solutes.

This is the cause of water and sodium ion reabsorption in the nephrons.

Decreased blood supply, vessel abnormalities, and acute heart failure.

This capillary system is responsible for maintaining the balance of solute and water reabsorption in the renal medulla.

This can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi.

This causes an increase in sympathetic stimulation, resulting in low levels of urine production.

This amount or less of urine produced each hour is a possible sign of kidney failure.

The functions of the kidneys in regards to the cardiovascular system.