King of France during the majority of the 1700s whose decisions damaged the power of France.

Philosophical, intellectual, & cultural mvmt. of 1700s; stressed scientific thought, reason, logic, criticism, & freedom of thought.

She reorganized the Russian govt., embraced European ideas, and under her reign, Russia grew larger and stronger than ever.

(1760-1840) The transition period of going to machines, chemical and iron production, water power, and steam power.

Artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that validated strong emotion in the visual arts, music, and literature.

King of France from 1774 until 1792, before his deposition and execution during the French Revolution.

Period of violence incited by conflict between rival political factions and marked by mass executions of tens of thousands.

King of Prussia known for his brilliance in military campaigning and organization of Prussian armies. He attacked Austria.

Series of wars between the French Empire & opposing coalitions. French power collapsed after the disaster in Russia.

Prolific & influential composer (over 600 works). He is among the most popular of classical composers.

King of France from 1814 to 1824 except for a period in 1815 known as the Hundred Days.

Peasant rebellions in 1789 helped cause this subsequent general panic about rumors of a "famine plot."

Public intellectuals who applied reason to the study of many areas of learning. They had a critical eye.

Period of development, which saw a massive and rapid increase in productivity and farm technology.

German composer and pianist. A crucial figure in the Classical and Romantic eras in music; one of the most influential composers.

French military & political leader who rose to power during the latter stages of the French Rev. and its associated wars in Europe.

Economic doctrine of accumulating monetary reserves through a positive balance of trade and high tariffs.

Outspoken & versatile French writer, historian, philosopher; famous for beliefs of freedom of religion, expression, & separation of church & state.

A world war that took place between 1754 and 1763 involving most of the great powers of the time.

A German composer, organist, harpsichordist, violist, and violinist of the Baroque period.

French social commentator & political thinker; famous for his theory of separation of powers.

The government of France between the fall of the Directory in 1799 until the start of the Napoleonic Empire in 1804.

King of Spain from France during 1st half of 1700s. He fought other European nations that tried to prevent the union of Spain and France.

A violent insurrection in Paris that resulted in the king of France being deposed and a new republican constitution being written.

Scottish moral philosopher and a pioneer of political economy. He is cited as the "father of modern economics."